Nokea
Neutrophils release an enzyme that destroys certain bacteria.
Correct Answer: lysozyme
Rationale: Lysozyme is an enzyme released by the neutrophils that kills certain bacteria when the bacteria is recognized in the body.
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The nurse explains that because it is a reliable and predictable indicator of the body's level of infection or recovery, which is a common diagnostic tool?
- A. hemoglobin
- B. hematocrit
- C. mean cell volume (MCV)
- D. differential
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A differential white blood cell count is an examination in which the different kinds of WBCs are counted and reported as percentages of the total examined. It is a common diagnostic tool because of its reliability and the predictability of the body's response to infection or its progress in recovery.
Which is the average lifespan of an erythrocyte?
- A. 7 days
- B. 60 days
- C. 120 days
- D. Up to several years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lifespan of an RBC is 120 days. A WBC's lifespan is days to several years. Platelets live 5 to 9 days.
The 9-year-old child with leukemia who is on palliative care has drawn a picture of a boy under a huge black cloud that has lightning coming out of it. Which would be an appropriate intervention for the nurse?
- A. What is this picture about?'
- B. Are you afraid of lightning?'
- C. I bet this is a picture of you, isn't it?'
- D. Is it about to rain in your picture?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking what the child has drawn is a neutral and nonthreatening question. Drawings can give a clue to perceptions and emotions that a young child may not be able to verbalize. The nurse should not try to interpret the drawing.
The nurse is aware that a person with Hodgkin disease, who has two or more abnormal lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm and cancer extending locally from one lymph node area into a nearby organ, would be in which stage?
- A. stage I.
- B. stage II.
- C. stage III.
- D. stage IV.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stage II indicates that there are two or more abnormal lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm and cancer that extends from a lymph node area into a nearby organ.
The spleen is a highly vascularized organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity. Which is the main function of the spleen?
- A. Serve as reservoir for blood.
- B. Destroy worn-out RBCs.
- C. Promote phagocytosis.
- D. Responsible for development of T lymphocytes.
- E. Continuously produce RBCs during lifetime.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The spleen stores 500 mL of blood, which can be released during emergencies, such as hemorrhage. The main functions of the spleen are (1) to serve as a reservoir for blood; (2) to destroy old or imperfect RBCs; and (3) to remove bacteria by phagocytosis (engulfing and digesting).