Nokea
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT):
- A. Is widely distributed in the body only when the gum products are used
- B. Does not cross the placenta and so is safe for pregnant women
- C. Delays healing of esophagitis and peptic ulcers
- D. Has no drug interactions when a transdermal patch is used
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NRT delays GI ulcer healing due to nicotine's effects on acid secretion.
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Amphetamine is used in
- A. Narcolepsy
- B. Psychosis
- C. Anxiety disorders
- D. Obsessive compulsive neurosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amphetamine treats narcolepsy by promoting wakefulness.
Patients who are on chronic long-term corticosteroid therapy need education regarding:
- A. Receiving all vaccinations, especially the live flu vaccine
- B. Reporting black tarry stools or abdominal pain
- C. Eating a high carbohydrate diet with plenty of fluids
- D. Small amounts of alcohol are generally tolerated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Black tarry stools signal GI bleeding from corticosteroids; live vaccines are contraindicated.
Which statement(s) is/are true regarding the types of medication orders? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Stat orders are the same as single dose orders.
- B. Verbal orders should be used as much as possible.
- C. Renewal orders facilitate physician review before continuance of high risk medications.
- D. PRN medications will designate a mandatory number of times the medication is to be administered.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Standing orders state the frequency of medication dosages to be administered or indicate the time frame of administration. Renewal orders require the physician to review medications that have expired orders, as determined by facility policy. Renewal policies facilitate physician verification of the necessity to continue a medication beyond a usual time frame and help ensure patient safety. Single dose and stat orders are not the same. PRN medications are not ordered a mandatory number of times, although a maximum number might be specified. Verbal orders should be avoided whenever possible.
Which of the following is biguanide:
- A. Glibenclamide
- B. Metformin
- C. Acarbose
- D. Liraglutide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is a biguanide that reduces hepatic glucose output.
Thyroxin is contributed in all listed processes except one:
- A. Increase tissue demand of oxygen consumption
- B. Activating protein, carbohydrates and fats metabolism
- C. Increase the main metabolism
- D. Decrease the main metabolism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thyroxine (T4) increases metabolism, not decreases it, by enhancing oxygen use and nutrient breakdown.