Nokea
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first choice in treating a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Which adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents? Select all that apply.
- A. Weight gain.
- B. Abdominal pain.
- C. Blood in the stool.
- D. Folic acid deficiency.
- E. Reduced blood clotting ability.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal issues like abdominal pain and blood in the stool, and they may reduce blood clotting ability due to their effect on platelet function.
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An infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis after vomiting for several days. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should be the priority?
- A. Deficient fluid volume related to prolonged vomiting.
- B. Ineffective airway clearance related to impaired swallowing.
- C. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements.
- D. Bowel incontinence related to abdominal pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prolonged vomiting in pyloric stenosis leads to significant fluid loss, making fluid volume deficit the priority.
Which sign should lead the nurse to suspect that a child with meningitis has developed disseminated intravascular coagulation?
- A. Hemorrhagic skin rash.
- B. Edema.
- C. Cyanosis.
- D. Dyspnea on exertion.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A hemorrhagic rash, such as petechiae or purpura, is a hallmark of disseminated intravascular coagulation in meningitis, indicating clotting abnormalities.
When assessing for pain in a toddler, which of the following methods should be the most appropriate?
- A. Ask the child about the pain.
- B. Observe the child for restlessness.
- C. Use a numeric pain scale.
- D. Assess for changes in vital signs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers cannot reliably verbalize pain, so observing behavior like restlessness is most appropriate.
A school-age client admitted to the hospital because of decreased urine output and periorbital edema is diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions should receive the highest priority?
- A. Assessing vital signs every 4 hours.
- B. Monitoring intake and output every 12 hours.
- C. Obtaining daily weight measurements.
- D. Obtaining serum electrolyte levels daily.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight reflects fluid status.
Which of the following should the nurse include when completing discharge instructions for the parents of a 12-month-old child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD) and being discharged to home?
- A. Offer the child extra fluids every 2 hours for 2 weeks.
- B. Take the child's temperature daily for several days.
- C. Check the child's blood pressure daily until the follow-up appointment.
- D. Call the physician if the irritability lasts for 2 more weeks.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring temperature daily helps detect persistent fever, a sign of ongoing inflammation in Kawasaki disease. Other options are less critical or impractical at home.