Nokea
Nurse Kelly is teaching the parents of a young child how to handle poisoning. If the child ingests poison, what should the parents do first?
- A. Administer ipecac syrup
- B. Call an ambulance immediately
- C. Call the poison control center
- D. Punish the child for being bad
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calling the poison control center provides immediate guidance on how to handle the specific type of poisoning and whether further medical intervention is needed.
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A client with cancer is receiving chemotherapy with a known vesicant. The client's IV has been in place for 72 hours. The nurse determines that a new IV site cannot be obtained, and leaves the present IV in place. What is the greatest clinical risk related to this situation?
- A. Impaired skin integrity
- B. Fluid volume excess
- C. Acute pain and anxiety
- D. Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vesicants can cause severe tissue damage if they extravasate, leading to impaired skin integrity.
Routine hearing tests in the community are usually based on:
- A. Distraction testing
- B. Auditory brainstem responses
- C. Evoked potentials
- D. Object discrimination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Distraction testing is a common method used in community settings to assess hearing in young children.
Acute bronchiolitis is associated with:
- A. A higher incidence in infants than in school children
- B. The production of copious amounts of purulent sputum
- C. Widespread fine crackles
- D. A polymorphonuclear leucocytosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute bronchiolitis is more common in infants and is associated with fine crackles. Purulent sputum and polymorphonuclear leucocytosis are not typical features.
Correct statement regarding congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is
- A. CRS with vaccine-strain of virus has not been reported
- B. Re-infections during pregnancy do not result in CRS
- C. Administration of immune globulin immediately after exposure to a case during pregnancy is effective in preventing CRS
- D. Patent ductus arteriosus is the commonest manifestation of CRS
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CRS with the vaccine-strain of the virus has not been reported, as the vaccine strain is attenuated and does not cause congenital infection.
Typical features of Down's syndrome include:
- A. Brachycephaly
- B. Hypotonia
- C. Male infertility
- D. Increased a-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonia is a key feature of Down's syndrome, often leading to delayed development and muscle weakness.