Nokea
Nurse Pedrito sees a 65 year-old male, who is recovering from stroke. He noticed that Mang Jose exhibits signs of unilateral neglect. Which behavior is suggestive of this unilateral neglect? Mang Jose is _________.
- A. Unable to carry out cognitive and motor activity at the same time.
- B. Observed shaving only one side of his face.
- C. Unable to complete a range of vision without turning his head side to side.
- D. Unable to distinguish between two tactile stimuli.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unilateral neglect is a common condition following a stroke where the individual fails to attend to one side of their body or to the space on that side. In this case, Mang Jose exhibiting signs of unilateral neglect by only shaving one side of his face, neglecting the other side. This behavior demonstrates a lack of awareness or attention to the affected side of his body, indicating a classic symptom of unilateral neglect.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is the cause of Somogyi effect, which occurs during sleep in patients with diabetes mellitus?
- A. too much globulin
- B. too much albumin
- C. increase insulin in the body
- D. limited insulin in the body
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Somogyi effect, also known as rebound hyperglycemia, is a phenomenon observed in patients with diabetes mellitus during sleep. It is characterized by a low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia) followed by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in the morning. This occurs due to limited insulin in the body during the night, leading to high blood sugar levels in the morning as a response to the hypoglycemia episode. Too much globulin or albumin are not directly associated with the Somogyi effect. Increasing insulin in the body would rather help prevent the hypoglycemia episode that triggers the rebound hyperglycemia in the Somogyi effect.
A patient presents with a unilateral, painless enlargement of the thyroid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology reveals numerous microfollicles and psammoma bodies. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Thyroglossal duct cyst
- B. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- C. Thyroid adenoma
- D. Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer and is known for presenting as a painless unilateral enlargement of the thyroid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology typically reveals classic features such as numerous microfollicles and psammoma bodies. Thyroglossal duct cyst, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and thyroid adenoma would not typically present with these cytological features or with painless thyroid enlargement as seen in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Which of the following actions is appropriate for managing a conscious patient with a suspected stroke?
- A. Administering aspirin immediately.
- B. Placing the patient in a supine position.
- C. Encouraging the patient to eat and drink.
- D. Activating emergency medical services (EMS) for rapid transport to a stroke center.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Activating emergency medical services (EMS) for rapid transport to a stroke center is the most appropriate action for managing a conscious patient with a suspected stroke. Time is critical in stroke care, and receiving specialized treatment at a stroke center as soon as possible can significantly improve outcomes for stroke patients. EMS providers are trained to recognize the signs of stroke and can begin essential pre-hospital care measures while en route to the hospital. Administering aspirin immediately is not recommended without medical evaluation, as certain types of strokes (such as hemorrhagic strokes) can be worsened by aspirin. Placing the patient in a supine position may not be ideal, as maintaining an elevated position can help prevent aspiration in stroke patients. Encouraging the patient to eat and drink is not appropriate, as swallowing difficulties are common in stroke patients and can lead to aspiration pneumonia.
The attending physician ordered a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to patient Sarah in order to validate the medical impression. This imaging technique is done to detect _________.
- A. hemorrhagic injury in the brain
- B. electrical impulse in the brain
- C. level of oxygen in the brain
- D. non-hemorrhagic injury in the brain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a specialized medical imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues within the body. In the context of the scenario provided, an MRI is ordered by the attending physician to validate the medical impression.
A patient presents with tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. On examination, the patient demonstrates a shuffling gait, stooped posture, and a masked facies. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Alzheimer's disease
- B. Parkinson's disease
- C. Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms described in the patient, such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slow movement), and postural instability, along with the presence of a shuffling gait, stooped posture, and masked facies, are classic features of Parkinson's disease. These motor symptoms are primarily caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. This results in an imbalance of neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine, leading to motor dysfunction and characteristic movement abnormalities seen in Parkinson's disease.