Nokea
Nurse Rosa is able to know the patterns of occurrence and distribution of diseases in the community . Per record she found out there had been cases of rabies at irregular intervals scattered in particular places. This occurrence rates to ______.
- A. Endemic
- B. Pandemic
- C. Epidemic
- D. Sporadic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The occurrence of rabies at irregular intervals scattered in particular places indicates a sporadic pattern. Sporadic diseases are those that occur infrequently and irregularly in a population. These diseases do not have a consistent pattern of occurrence and are not confined to a specific geographic area or population group. In this case, the cases of rabies being reported at irregular intervals and scattered in particular places suggest a sporadic distribution rather than an endemic (constantly present in a population), epidemic (sudden increase in cases in a specific population), or pandemic (global spread of a disease) pattern.
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Which of the following is the PRIMARY purpose of pregnancy test?
- A. It allows for counseling on nutrition.
- B. It may help in a decision to stop working at home.
- C. It enables the husband to follow the desires of the wife.
- D. It allows for early initiation of care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The primary purpose of a pregnancy test is to confirm whether a woman is pregnant or not. Once pregnancy is confirmed, it is crucial for the individual to begin prenatal care as early as possible to ensure a healthy pregnancy and delivery. Early initiation of care can help monitor the health of both the mother and the developing fetus, detect any potential issues or complications early on, and provide necessary interventions or treatments. Therefore, the main objective of a pregnancy test is to enable early initiation of care for the pregnant individual.
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed phosphate binders. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient education about phosphate binder therapy?
- A. "Take phosphate binders with meals."
- B. "Avoid taking phosphate binders with calcium supplements."
- C. "Increase your intake of foods high in phosphorus."
- D. "Take phosphate binders on an empty stomach."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction that the nurse should include in patient education about phosphate binder therapy is to "Take phosphate binders with meals." Phosphate binders are medications given to patients with chronic kidney disease to help control high phosphate levels in the blood. Taking phosphate binders with meals allows them to bind to the phosphorus present in the food, reducing its absorption in the body. This helps to lower blood phosphate levels effectively. Instructing the patient to take phosphate binders with meals ensures optimal binding of phosphorus from the diet, which is crucial for managing phosphate levels in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Which of the following salivary glands is located inferior and posterior to the mandible and produces serous saliva rich in enzymes?
- A. Parotid gland
- B. Sublingual gland
- C. Submandibular gland
- D. Submaxillary gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The submandibular gland is located inferior and posterior to the mandible. It produces a mixed type of saliva, which is primarily serous (enzyme-rich) but also contains some mucous components. This gland plays a significant role in digestion, as its serous saliva contains enzymes such as amylase that help break down carbohydrates in the mouth before they reach the stomach.
The blood protein involved in the immune system is:
- A. Thrombin
- B. Albumin
- C. Globulin
- D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Globulin is the blood protein involved in the immune system. There are different types of globulins, including immunoglobulins (antibodies) that play a crucial role in the body's defense against infections. These antibodies bind to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses, helping the immune system to recognize and destroy them. Thrombin is a clotting protein, albumin is a protein responsible for maintaining osmotic balance in the blood, and hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
As a whole health education in public helath aims the __________.
- A. Transfers information
- B. Make life changes
- C. Better health opportunities
- D. Change personality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Whole health education in public health aims to provide individuals and communities with opportunities to improve their overall health and well-being by promoting healthy behaviors, creating supportive environments, and offering resources for prevention and early intervention. This approach focuses on empowering people to make informed choices that lead to better health outcomes and reduce the risk of developing diseases such as hypertension. By increasing access to healthcare services, promoting healthy lifestyles, and addressing underlying social determinants of health, public health education seeks to create better health opportunities for everyone in the community.