Nokea
Nurse Thompson is reviewing the neurological assessment of Mr. Johnson, a 70-year-old patient who exhibits tremors and slow movements. She recalls that these symptoms are often linked to a specific neurological disorder characterized by reduced dopamine levels due to the loss of pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra region of the basal ganglia. Which disease does Nurse Thompson recognize as associated with these findings?
- A. Multiple sclerosis.
- B. Huntington's disease.
- C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease.
- D. Parkinson's disease.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to tremors, bradykinesia, and rigidity.
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If an individual suffers a traumatic event and has a neurological disorder that means they may be unable to recall anything from the moment of the injury or to retain memories of recent events. This is known as:
- A. anterograde amnesia
- B. retrograde amnesia
- C. postevent amnesia
- D. antenatal amnesia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anterograde amnesia refers to the inability to form new memories after the onset of amnesia, often due to brain injury or trauma. This condition severely impacts an individual's ability to retain information about recent events, while memories from before the injury may remain intact. It is commonly associated with damage to the hippocampus, a brain region critical for memory formation and consolidation.
How can the nurse examine the client for stiffness and rigidity of the neck?
- A. By positioning the client flat on the bed for at least three hours.
- B. By moving the head and chin of the client towards the chest.
- C. By asking the client to bend and pick up small and large objects on the floor.
- D. By introducing a painful stimulus on the neck.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This movement checks for neck stiffness indicative of neurological issues.
What should be included in the management during the first 48 hours after an acute soft tissue injury of the ankle (select one that doesn't apply)?
- A. Use of elastic wrap
- B. Initial immobilization and rest
- C. Elevation of ankle above the heart
- D. Alternating the use of heat and cold
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The initial management includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce swelling and pain.
A patient taking ibuprofen (Motrin) for treatment of OA has good pain relief but is experiencing increased dyspepsia and nausea with the drug's use. The nurse consults the patient's primary care provider about doing what?
- A. Adding misoprostol (Cytotec) to the patient's drug regimen
- B. Substituting naproxen (Naprosyn) for the ibuprofen (Motrin)
- C. Returning to the use of acetaminophen but at a dose of 5 g/day instead of 4 g/day
- D. Administering the ibuprofen with antacids to decrease the gastrointestinal (GI) irritation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Misoprostol protects the GI tract.
A client who is treated for a meniscal injury to the knee is advised prolonged immobility. To help prevent skin breakdown and infections, the nurse should instruct the client to increase the intake of which of the following?
- A. Protein
- B. Fiber
- C. Calcium
- D. Liquid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protein aids in wound healing and preventing skin breakdown.