Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions

Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions Related

Review Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions related questions and content

Nursing considerations that should be applied in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus include:

  • A. Blood glucose level monitoring before and after meals.
  • B. Preventing the consumption of all high carbohydrate foods.
  • C. Skin, foot, and pressure area care when hospitalised.
  • D. Minimising exercise to prevent fatigue and foot ulcers.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nursing care for type 2 diabetes balances monitoring, prevention, and education. Blood glucose monitoring pre/post-meals informs insulin adjustments but isn't universally required frequency varies. Banning all high-carb foods is unrealistic; moderation via glycemic index guides diet, not prohibition. Skin, foot, and pressure area care is critical in hospital peripheral neuropathy and poor healing (e.g., Bob's case) risk ulcers and infections, needing daily inspection and protection, per standards in chronic care texts. Minimizing exercise contradicts management; activity improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake ulcer risk is mitigated with proper footwear, not inactivity. Foot care addresses diabetes' microvascular damage (neuropathy, angiopathy), preventing amputation, a leading morbidity, making it a priority intervention in acute settings.

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The nurse understands that the physician would need to be notified regarding a chemotherapy dose if the client experiences:

  • A. Fatigue
  • B. Nausea and vomiting
  • C. Stomatitis
  • D. Bone marrow suppression
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chemotherapy's marrow hit bone marrow suppression drops counts like neutrophils or platelets, risking infection or bleeding, a dose-limiting toxicity needing physician review to adjust or pause treatment. Fatigue, nausea, and stomatitis are common, manageable with nursing care rest, antiemetics, mouth rinses unless extreme. Suppression's severity, tied to labs (e.g., ANC <500), halts therapy to protect the client, a critical threshold nurses monitor, distinguishing it from routine side effects, ensuring safety in this marrow-bashing regimen.

Officially approved blood glucose meters used for self-testing and point-of-care diagnostics are not always suitable to measure the blood glucose values in neonates. Question: What is the main cause for this?

  • A. Some meters are calibrated to plasma glucose and other meters to blood glucose
  • B. Some measurement methods are sensitive to high levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
  • C. The measurement variation of some meters is too large
  • D. Some meters are sensitive to abnormal haematocrit values
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neonate glucose flubs haematocrit swings throw meters off, not calibration, vitamin C, or variance. Nurses adjust for this, a chronic baby glitch.

A patient who has ovarian cancer is crying and tells the nurse, 'My husband rarely visits. He just doesn't care.' The husband indicates to the nurse that he does not know what to say to his wife. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the nurse to add to the plan of care?

  • A. Compromised family coping related to disruption in lifestyle
  • B. Impaired home maintenance related to perceived role changes
  • C. Risk for caregiver role strain related to burdens of caregiving responsibilities
  • D. Dysfunctional family processes related to effect of illness on family members
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ovarian cancer's toll her tears, his silence points to dysfunctional family processes; illness jams communication, not lifestyle , home upkeep , or caregiving load . He's lost, not burdened. Nurses in oncology peg this cancer's ripple screws up dynamics, needing talks to bridge the gap, not just task fixes.

Proven treatment for patients with noncirrhosis from NAFLD include the following except:

  • A. Liver transplant
  • B. Bariatric surgery
  • C. Vitamin E
  • D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Noncirrhotic NAFLD bends to weight loss, bariatric cuts, and Vitamin E's antioxidant punch proven aids. Transplant's endgame for cirrhosis, not here. Metformin flops for fat, despite diabetes use. Clinicians skip this organ swap, leaning on lifestyle and pills, a chronic fix before scars hit.

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with peripheral artery disease. Which of the following is a common assessment finding?

  • A. 4+ pedal pulses
  • B. 3+ pedal pulses
  • C. Bounding pulses in all 4 extremities
  • D. 1+ pedal pulses
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) clogs arteries, slashing flow 1+ pedal pulses (weak, thready) are typical, reflecting ischemia below blockages. 4+ or 3+ pulses (strong) contradict PAD's hypoperfusion; bounding pulses suggest hyperdynamic states, not occlusion. Nurses expect weak pulses, checking for pain or pallor, key to tracking PAD's limb-threatening march, guiding interventions like revascularization.

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