Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions

Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions Related

Review Chronic Illness NCLEX Questions related questions and content

The role of the nurse and other health professions in chronic disease is to:

  • A. Support the person in managing their condition
  • B. Provide direction to the person about their treatment
  • C. Ensure the person takes their medications and avoids risk factors
  • D. Decide on the best approach to manage the condition and direct the implementation of this care
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chronic disease management hinges on patient empowerment, not authoritarian control. Supporting individuals in managing their condition aligns with modern nursing philosophy, fostering self-efficacy through education, emotional support, and resource provision key in texts like Deravin and Anderson (2019). Providing direction implies guidance, but it's less collaborative than support, often overstepping patient autonomy. Ensuring medication adherence and risk avoidance is paternalistic, assuming enforcement over partnership, which conflicts with patient-centered care principles. Deciding and directing care outright disregards patient input, undermining shared decision-making critical for long-term adherence in chronic illness. Support encompasses holistic care physical, psychological, and social enabling patients to navigate their condition, adapt lifestyles, and cope with challenges, reflecting the multidisciplinary team's role in enhancing quality of life rather than dictating it.

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Repaglinide belongs to the class

  • A. Sulphonylureas
  • B. Thiazolidinediones
  • C. Benzoic acid derivatives
  • D. Biguanides
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Repaglinide's benzoic acid kin short, sharp insulin jolts, not sulphonylureas' long haul, thiazolidinediones' sensitivity boost, or biguanides' glucose clamp. It's a mealtime spike buster, a chronic tool pharmacists slot apart from sulphonylurea's sustained push, a nuanced diabetes dance.

The nurse is caring for four clients on a post-surgical unit. The nurse understands that monitoring the client for which post-operative complication takes priority?

  • A. Nausea
  • B. Constipation
  • C. Pneumonia
  • D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Post-op lungs falter pneumonia from atelectasis or aspiration tops risks, a breathing threat per ABCs over nausea's discomfort. Constipation or retention nag, not kill. Nurses watch breathing, pushing incentive spirometry, a priority catch in this surgical haze.

A patient newly diagnosed with cancer is scheduled to begin chemotherapy treatment and the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about potential adverse effects. When addressing the most common adverse effect, what should the nurse describe?

  • A. Pruritis (itching)
  • B. Nausea and vomiting
  • C. Altered glucose metabolism
  • D. Confusion
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nausea and vomiting top the chemo side-effect list, hitting most patients due to drugs (e.g., cisplatin, doxorubicin) irritating the gut and triggering the brain's vomiting center. It can last 24-48 hours post-dose, often needing antiemetics like ondansetron. Pruritis might occur with specific agents or reactions, but it's less universal. Glucose metabolism shifts are rare, tied to steroids or endocrine effects, not a chemo hallmark. Confusion could stem from brain mets or fatigue, not a primary effect. Nurses prep patients for this duo nausea and vomiting ensuring they know it's manageable with meds and timing, easing anxiety and boosting adherence in early oncology treatment.

Epigenetic changes play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Question: Which of the following statements about epigenetics is correct?

  • A. Epigenetic modifications lead to mutations in DNA
  • B. Mutations in DNA lead to epigenetic modifications
  • C. Epigenetic modifications only take place at a young age
  • D. None of the statements provided above is correct
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Epigenetics tweaks gene dials no mutations, not from mutations, not age-locked. Diet, stress flip switches anytime, a chronic type 2 player nurses note this, no false leads fit.

A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with pericarditis. Which of the following is a common assessment finding with this disorder?

  • A. Elevated troponin
  • B. Pericardial friction rub
  • C. Heart failure
  • D. ST-segment depression
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pericarditis rubs the sac pericardial friction rub, a scratchy sound, marks inflammation, a common find as layers grate. Troponin rises with muscle damage, not here. Heart failure or ST depression hints tamponade or ischemia, not direct. Nurses auscultate this rub, tying it to pericarditis's irritated core, a diagnostic bellwether.

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