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Nursing is, by necessity, a flexible profession. It has adapted to meet both the expectations and the changing health needs of our aging population. What is one factor that has impacted the need for certified nurse practitioners (CNPs)?
- A. The increased need for primary care providers
- B. The need to improve patient diagnostic services
- C. The push to drive institutional excellence
- D. The need to decrease the number of medical errors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CNPs who are educationally prepared with a population focus in adult-gerontology or pediatrics receive additional focused training in primary care or acute care. CNPs help meet the need for primary care providers. Diagnostic services, institutional excellence, and reduction of medical errors are congruent with the CNP role, but these considerations are the not primary impetus for the increased role for CNPs.
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A public health nurse has been commissioned to draft a health promotion program that meets the health care needs and expectations of the community. Which of the following focuses is most likely to influence the nurses choice of interventions?
- A. Management of chronic conditions and disability
- B. Increasing need for self-care among a younger population
- C. A shifting focus to disease management
- D. An increasing focus on acute conditions and rehabilitation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In response to current priorities, health care must focus more on management of chronic conditions and disability than in previous times. The other answers are incorrect because the change in focus of health care is not an increasing need for self-care among our aging population; our focus is shifting away from disease management, not toward it; and we are moving away from the management of acute conditions to managing chronic conditions.
A nurse has accepted a position as a clinical nurse leader (CNL), a new role that has been launched within the past decade. In this role, the nurse should prioritize which of the following activities?
- A. Acting as a spokesperson for the nursing profession
- B. Generating and disseminating new nursing knowledge
- C. Diagnosing and treating health problems that have a predictable course
- D. Helping patients to navigate the health care system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The CNL is a nurse generalist with a masters degree in nursing and a special background in clinical leadership, educated to help patients navigate through the complex health care system. The other answers are incorrect because they are not what nursing has identified as the CNL role.
A nurse has integrated the principles of evidence-based practice into care. EBP has the potential to help the nurse achieve what goal?
- A. Increasing career satisfaction
- B. Obtaining federal grant money
- C. Ensuring high quality patient care
- D. Enhancing the publics esteem for nursing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Quality improvement is the ultimate goal of EBP. Career satisfaction, public esteem, and grant money are not priorities.
Nursing continues to recognize and participate in collaboration with other health care disciplines to meet the complex needs of the patient. Which of the following is the best example of a collaborative practice model?
- A. The nurse and the physician jointly making clinical decisions.
- B. The nurse accompanying the physician on rounds.
- C. The nurse making a referral on behalf of the patient.
- D. The nurse attending an appointment with the patient.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The collaborative model, or a variation of it, promotes shared participation, responsibility, and accountability in a health care environment that is striving to meet the complex health care needs of the public. The other answers are incorrect because they are not examples of a collaborative practice model.
A hospice nurse is caring for a patient who is dying of lymphoma. According to Maslows hierarchy of needs, what dimension of care should the nurse consider primary in importance when caring for a dying patient?
- A. Spiritual
- B. Social
- C. Physiologic
- D. Emotional
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow ranked human needs as follows: physiologic needs; safety and security; sense of belonging and affection; esteem and self-respect; and self-actualization, which includes self-fulfillment, desire to know and understand, and aesthetic needs. Such a hierarchy of needs is a useful framework that can be applied to the various nursing models for assessment of a patients strengths, limitations, and need for nursing interventions. The other answers are incorrect because they are not of primary importance when caring for a dying patient, though each should certainly be addressed.