Nokea
A group of nursing students are participating in a community health clinic. When providing care in this context, what should the students teach participants about disease prevention?
- A. It is best achieved through attending self-help groups.
- B. It is best achieved by reducing psychological stress.
- C. It is best achieved by being an active participant in the community.
- D. It is best achieved by exhibiting behaviors that promote health.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Today, increasing emphasis is placed on health, health promotion, wellness, and self-care. Health is seen as resulting from a lifestyle oriented toward wellness. Nurses in community health clinics do not teach that disease prevention is best achieved through attending self-help groups, by reducing stress, or by being an active participant in the community, though each of these activities is consistent with a healthy lifestyle.
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Staff nurses in an ICU setting have noticed that their patients required lower and fewer doses of analgesia when noise levels on the unit were consciously reduced. They informed an advanced practice RN of this and asked the APRN to quantify the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized patients. How does this demonstrate a role of the APRN?
- A. Involving patients in their care while hospitalized
- B. Contributing to the scientific basis of nursing practice
- C. Critiquing the quality of patient care
- D. Explaining medical studies to patients and RNs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Research is within the purview of the APRN. The activity described does not exemplify explaining studies to RNs, critiquing care, or involving patients in their care.
Leadership of a medical unit have been instructed to integrate the principles of the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency of quality improvement. What action should the units leaders take?
- A. Provide access to online journals and Web-based clinical resources for nursing staff.
- B. Use flow charts to document the processes of care that are used on the unit.
- C. Enforce continuing education requirements for all care providers.
- D. Reduce the use of chemical and physical restraints on the unit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the quality improvement skills is to use tools, such as flow charts and cause-effect diagrams, to make processes of care explicit. Each of the other listed actions has the potential to benefit patients and care givers, but none is an explicit knowledge, skill, or attitude associated with this QSEN competency.
With increases in longevity, people have had to become more knowledgeable about their health and the professional health care that they receive. One outcome of this phenomenon is the development of organized self-care education programs. Which of the following do these programs prioritize?
- A. Adequate prenatal care
- B. Government advocacy and lobbying
- C. Judicious use of online communities
- D. Management of illness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Organized self-care education programs emphasize health promotion, disease prevention, management of illness, self-care, and judicious use of the professional health care system. Prenatal care, lobbying, and Internet activities are secondary.
The view that health and illness are not static states but that they exist on a continuum is central to professional health care systems. When planning care, this view aids the nurse in appreciating which of the following?
- A. Care should focus primarily on the treatment of disease.
- B. A persons state of health is ever-changing.
- C. A person can transition from health to illness rapidly.
- D. Care should focus on the patients compliance with interventions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By viewing health and illness on a continuum, it is possible to consider a person as being neither completely healthy nor completely ill. Instead, a persons state of health is ever-changing and has the potential to range from high-level wellness to extremely poor health and imminent death. The other answers are incorrect because patient care should not focus just on the treatment of disease. Rapid declines in health and compliance with treatment are not key to this view of health.
The ANA has identified several phenomena toward which the focus of nursing care should be directed, and a nurse is planning care that reflects these priorities. Which of the nurses actions best demonstrates these priorities?
- A. Encouraging the patients dependence on caregivers
- B. Fostering the patients ability to make choices
- C. Teaching the patient about nurses roles in the health care system
- D. Assessing the patients adherence to treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ANA identifies several focuses for nursing care and research, including the ability to make choices. The other answers are incorrect because they are not phenomena identified by the ANA.