Nokea
Oestrogen levels in females
- A. rise after puberty and slowly decline through out a females life
- B. rise and fall every month
- C. is at its highest level during gestation
- D. is at its highest level just after birth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because oestrogen levels in females rise and fall every month in response to the menstrual cycle. This hormone is produced by the ovaries and plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle. During the menstrual cycle, oestrogen levels increase during the first half of the cycle (follicular phase), peak around ovulation, and then decrease in the second half of the cycle (luteal phase). This cyclical pattern is essential for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because oestrogen levels do not follow a continuous decline throughout a female's life, peak during gestation, or reach their highest level just after birth.
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Which hormone is produced throughout a menstrual cycle?
- A. FSH
- B. estrogen
- C. LH
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: estrogen. Estrogen is produced throughout the menstrual cycle by the ovaries. It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, promoting the growth of the uterine lining, and preparing the body for ovulation. FSH and LH are involved in stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, respectively. Progesterone is mainly produced in the second half of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation, to support pregnancy. Therefore, estrogen is the hormone that is produced consistently throughout the menstrual cycle, making it the correct answer.
A client has been diagnosed with thrombophlebitis. The nurse needs to closely monitor the client for detecting, managing, and minimizing the risk for thrombophlebitis development. Which of the following nursing actions will help a nurse minimize the occurrence of thrombophlebitis in the client?
- A. Give warm sitz baths after sutures have been removed
- B. Apply an air or egg crate mattress to the bed
- C. Administer prescribed analgesics liberally
- D. Assess for and report calf pain or calf tenderness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calf pain or tenderness can be indicative of deep vein thrombosis, a complication of thrombophlebitis.
The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called a ________.
- A. spermatogonium
- B. spermatid
- C. primary spermatocyte
- D. secondary spermatocyte
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: spermatogonium. Spermatogonium is the primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis located at the periphery of seminiferous tubules. It undergoes mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into primary spermatocytes. Spermatid and secondary spermatocyte are later stages in spermatogenesis, not the primitive stem cell. Primary spermatocyte is the immediate progeny of spermatogonium following differentiation.
The structure between the uterus and the vagina is the
- A. uterine tube
- B. cervix
- C. vulva
- D. hymen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cervix. The cervix is the structure between the uterus and the vagina, serving as the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It plays a crucial role in pregnancy by allowing sperm to enter the uterus and facilitating the passage of menstrual blood.
Rationale:
1. The uterine tube (A) is not the correct answer as it connects the ovaries to the uterus and is not located between the uterus and the vagina.
2. The vulva (C) is the external genitalia and is not the structure between the uterus and the vagina.
3. The hymen (D) is a thin membrane at the opening of the vagina and does not serve as the structure between the uterus and the vagina.
What is produced by the ovaries?
- A. Primary oocytes, insulin and estrogen
- B. Secondary oocytes, progesterone and cortisol
- C. Tertiary oocytes, insulin and estrogen
- D. Secondary oocytes, estrogen and progesterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the ovaries produce secondary oocytes, which are released during ovulation for fertilization. Additionally, the ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone, which are essential for the menstrual cycle and reproductive health. Choice A is incorrect as primary oocytes are present before birth and insulin is produced by the pancreas. Choice B is incorrect because cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands, not the ovaries. Choice C is incorrect as tertiary oocytes do not exist, and insulin is produced by the pancreas.