Nokea
Of the following guidelines, which would not be recommended to a person who has sustained an orthopedic injury during exercise?
- A. ice
- B. warmth
- C. rest
- D. elevation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warmth increases swelling early in injury; ice, rest, and elevation are standard.
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If a nursing assistant feels it is not safe to move a resident by himself, he should
- A. Find a coworker to help
- B. Move the resident anyway because everyone else is probably busy
- C. Refuse to move the resident
- D. Ask the resident to move himself
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it prioritizes resident safety by seeking assistance when unsure. Finding a coworker to help ensures safe transfer of the resident without risking injury. Refusing to move the resident (C) may delay necessary care. Moving the resident alone (B) disregards safety concerns. Asking the resident to move themselves (D) is not appropriate as they may not be capable or it may lead to harm.
Making an area or object free of all microorganisms is called
- A. Infection prevention
- B. Disinfection
- C. Transmission
- D. Surgical asepsis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Surgical asepsis. This term refers to the process of creating and maintaining a sterile environment, free of all microorganisms, to prevent infection during surgical procedures. It involves strict protocols to eliminate pathogens.
A: Infection prevention is a broader term encompassing various strategies to reduce the risk of infections.
B: Disinfection is the process of reducing the number of microorganisms but may not eliminate all.
C: Transmission refers to the spread of microorganisms from person to person and is not specific to making an area or object microorganism-free.
A 40 year old obese patient with GCS of 8 requires a CT scan. Before transfer to the scanner, you should:
- A. Give more sedative drugs
- B. Insert a definitive airway
- C. Insert a multilumen esophageal airway
- D. Request a lateral cervical spine film
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Insert a definitive airway
Rationale:
1. Patient has a low GCS of 8, indicating impaired consciousness and airway protection.
2. Obesity can further complicate airway management during sedation.
3. Inserting a definitive airway ensures adequate oxygenation and ventilation.
4. CT scan can cause respiratory depression, necessitating secure airway before transfer.
5. Multilumen esophageal airway is not indicated as it does not secure the airway.
6. Sedative drugs should be used cautiously due to the risk of respiratory depression.
7. Lateral cervical spine film is not necessary before CT scan in this scenario.
Spirituality consists of
- A. A defined group of people who all believe the same thing
- B. The concerns of the spirit,the sacred
- C. The fact that everyone believes in spirits
- D. The belief in the paranormal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because spirituality encompasses the concerns of the spirit and the sacred, focusing on inner peace, purpose, and connection to something greater than oneself. Option A is incorrect as spirituality is not limited to a defined group with identical beliefs. Option C is incorrect because not everyone believes in spirits, and spirituality is broader than belief in spirits. Option D is incorrect as spirituality is not solely about the paranormal, but rather about the spiritual and sacred aspects of life.
What is an opportunistic infection?
- A. A disease in which abnormal cells grow quickly
- B. A disease in which symptoms of cancer disappear
- C. A disorder that causes inflammation of the bladder
- D. An illness caused by microorganisms that causes disease in people with weakened immune systems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an opportunistic infection is an illness caused by microorganisms that typically do not cause disease in individuals with healthy immune systems, but can cause illness in people with weakened immune systems. This occurs because the weakened immune system is unable to effectively fight off these microorganisms.
Choice A is incorrect because it describes abnormal cell growth, which is characteristic of cancer, not opportunistic infections. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a temporary disappearance of cancer symptoms, not related to opportunistic infections. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a disorder causing bladder inflammation, which is not related to opportunistic infections.