Nokea
Of the following, the genetic syndrome MOST likely associated with increased risk of optic glioma is
- A. Down syndrome
- B. neurofibromatosis
- C. monosomy
- D. Bloom's syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neurofibromatosis type 1 is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing optic gliomas.
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The birthweight usually quadruples by the age of
- A. 1.5 yr
- B. 2 yr
- C. 2.5 yr
- D. 3 yr
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Birthweight typically quadruples by 2 years of age.
The parents of a newborn ask the nurse what caused the baby's facial nerve paralysis. What knowledge should the nurse's response be based on?
- A. Genetic defect
- B. Birth injury
- C. Spinal cord injury
- D. Inborn error of metabolism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facial nerve paralysis in a newborn is most commonly caused by birth injury. This can occur during the birthing process due to pressure on the baby's face or head, particularly if forceps or vacuum extraction are used during delivery. The trauma can affect the facial nerve resulting in temporary or permanent paralysis. It is important for the nurse to provide reassurance to the parents that birth injury is a common cause of facial nerve paralysis in newborns, and in many cases, the paralysis resolves on its own over time without further complications.
Which are clinical manifestations of the postterm newborn? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Excessive lanugo
- B. Increased subcutaneous fat
- C. Absence of scalp hair
- D. Parchment-like skin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postterm newborns are infants born after 42 weeks of gestation. Some common clinical manifestations of postterm newborns include parchment-like, wrinkled skin due to prolonged exposure to amniotic fluid, and long fingernails as a result of intrauterine growth beyond the expected term. Excessive lanugo and absence of scalp hair are not typically seen in postterm newborns. Increased subcutaneous fat may be more common in infants born at term or post-term, but it is not a specific clinical manifestation of postterm newborns. Minimal vernix caseosa is also usually present in postterm newborns.
A child is playing in the playroom. The nurse needs to obtain a child's blood pressure. Which is the appropriate procedure for obtaining the blood pressure?
- A. Take the blood pressure in the playroom.
- B. Ask the child to come to the exam room to obtain the blood pressure.
- C. Ask the child to return to his or her room for the blood pressure, then escort the child back to the playroom.
- D. Document that the blood pressure was not obtained because the child was in the playroom.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The appropriate procedure for obtaining a child's blood pressure is to ask the child to come to the exam room to obtain the blood pressure. This is important because the exam room provides a quiet and controlled environment, which is conducive to accurately measuring blood pressure. Taking the blood pressure in the playroom may lead to inaccurate readings due to distractions and noise. Similarly, asking the child to return to his or her room for the blood pressure and then escorting the child back to the playroom is not necessary and may disrupt the child's play. Documenting that the blood pressure was not obtained because the child was in the playroom is not a valid or appropriate action as it is important to ensure the child's health and monitor their blood pressure in a suitable environment. Therefore, the best course of action is to ask the child to come to the exam room to obtain the blood pressure.
a newborn has a meningomyelocele; the nurse should place him in which position:
- A. semi-fowler's
- B. supine
- C. prone
- D. non of the above is correct
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A newborn with meningomyelocele should be placed in a prone position to prevent trauma or pressure on the lesion. Placing the newborn in the prone position helps prevent the lesion from coming in contact with surfaces and reduces the risk of infection and injury. By positioning the newborn prone, gravity will assist in closing the lesion and reducing the risk of complications. It is crucial to follow this positioning guideline to ensure the infant's safety and well-being.