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On a floor plan drawn at a scale of 1:100, the area of a rectangular room is 30 cm². What is the actual area of the room?
- A. 30,000 cm²
- B. 300 m²
- C. 3,000 m²
- D. 30 m²
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: On a 1:100 scale drawing, each centimeter represents one meter. The area of the room in the scale drawing is 30 cm², which means the actual area is 30 m². Choice A (30,000 cm²) is incorrect as it doesn't account for the scale conversion. Choice B (300 m²) is incorrect because it multiplies the scale area directly by 10,000, which is not the correct conversion. Choice C (3,000 m²) is also incorrect as it applies the scale factor incorrectly.
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A patient requires a 30% decrease in their medication dosage. Their current dosage is 340 mg. What will their dosage be after the decrease?
- A. 70 mg
- B. 238 mg
- C. 270 mg
- D. 340 mg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To calculate a 30% decrease of 340 mg, multiply 340 by 0.30 to get 102. Subtracting 102 from 340 gives a new dosage of 238 mg. Choice A (70 mg) is incorrect as it represents a 80% decrease, not 30%. Choice C (270 mg) is incorrect as it does not reflect a decrease but rather the original dosage. Choice D (340 mg) is incorrect as it is the original dosage and not reduced by 30%.
What is the surface area of the cylinder shown below?
- A. 602.9 cm²
- B. 904.3 cm²
- C. 1,408.7 cm²
- D. 1,507.2 cm²
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The surface area of a cylinder can be calculated using the formula: S = 2πr² + 2πrh, where r is the radius and h is the height. Substituting the values for radius (12) and height (8) into the formula: S = 2π(12)² + 2π(12)(8). S = 2π(144) + 2π(96). S = 288π + 192π. S = 480π ≈ 1507.964. Therefore, the surface area of the cylinder is approximately 1507.2 square centimeters. Choice A, 602.9 cm², is incorrect as it is significantly lower than the correct value. Choice B, 904.3 cm², is also incorrect as it does not match the calculated surface area. Choice C, 1,408.7 cm², is incorrect as it does not align with the calculated value of the surface area.
Chan receives a bonus from his job. He pays 30% in taxes, donates 30% to charity, and uses another 25% to pay off an old debt. He has $600 remaining. What was the total amount of Chan's bonus?
- A. $3,000
- B. $3,200
- C. $3,600
- D. $4,000
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chan has used 30% + 30% + 25% = 85% of his bonus, which leaves 15% remaining. Since 15% of his bonus is $600, you can find the total bonus amount by dividing $600 by 15% (or multiplying by 100/15), which equals $4,000. Therefore, the correct answer is $4,000. The other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the total remaining amount after the specified deductions.
Which of the following algebraic equations correctly represents the sentence 'Four more than a number, x, is 2 less than 1/3 of another number, y'?
- A. x + 4 = (1/3)y - 2
- B. 4x = 2 - (1/3)y
- C. 4 - x = 2 + (1/3)y
- D. x + 4 = 2 - (1/3)y
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To represent 'Four more than a number, x', we write x + 4. This is equal to '2 less than 1/3 of another number, y', which translates to 1/3y - 2. Therefore, the correct equation is x + 4 = (1/3)y - 2. Choice B is incorrect as it incorrectly combines the values of x and y. Choice C is incorrect as it doesn't properly relate x and y with the given conditions. Choice D is incorrect as it doesn't correctly represent the relationship between x and y according to the given statement.
Which of the following is listed in order from least to greatest?
- A. -2 3/4, -2 7/8, -1/5, 2/5, 1/8
- B. -1/5, 1/8, 2/5, -2 3/4, -2 7/8
- C. -2 7/8, -2 3/4, -1/5, 1/8, 2/5
- D. 1/8, 2/5, -1/5, -2 7/8, -2 3/4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To determine the order from least to greatest, we can convert all fractions and mixed numbers to decimals or use a least common denominator. Converting the fractions in Choice C to decimals, we get -2.875, -2.75, -0.2, 0.125, and 0.4 when reading from left to right. Negative integers with larger absolute values are less than negative integers with smaller absolute values. Therefore, the correct answer is Choice C. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not present the numbers in the correct order from least to greatest when converted to decimals or compared using common denominators.