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On a population level, differences can be observed between the body composition of people with and people without a disturbed glucose tolerance. Question: Which of the following options describes the body composition of overweight people with a disturbed glucose tolerance compared to that of healthy people without overweight?
- A. More adipose tissue and similar muscle mass
- B. More adipose tissue and less muscle mass
- C. More adipose tissue and more muscle mass
- D. More adipose tissue and less muscle mass, including a change in the ratio of different types of muscle fibres
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucose tolerance tanks overweight pile fat, lose muscle, not same or more, no fibre shift specifics. Nurses see this, a chronic lean loss.
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The nurse Questions which order for a client with thrombocytopenia?
- A. Apply ice to areas of trauma
- B. Administer intramuscular (IM) medication
- C. Test all urine and stool for the presence of occult blood
- D. Avoid enemas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia's bleed risk IM shots pierce muscle, risking hematomas, a questionable order nurses flag, as low platelets can't clot it. Ice curbs swelling, occult blood tests track bleeds, enemas avoid rectal tears all fit. Nurses challenge IM, pushing IV routes, a safety catch in this platelet-poor state.
About the mineralocorticoid antagonists (MRAs) which of the following is correct?
- A. Patiromer is a new MRA
- B. Losartan is a MRA
- C. MRAs can cause hypokalemia
- D. Finerenone is a novel nonsteroidal MRA
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MRAs finerenone's new, not patiromer, losartan; hyperkalemia, albumin cuts fit. Nurses tap this chronic kidney tweak.
A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old male who recently underwent an aortic valve replacement. Which of the following is a post-operative nursing care priority?
- A. Temperature monitoring
- B. Assess for bleeding
- C. Advance diet as tolerated
- D. Dressing change
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valve replacement bleeds assessing for hemorrhage at surgical sites or anticoagulation tops post-op care, a life-or-death watch per ABCs. Fever, diet, dressings matter, but bleeding's immediate. Nurses hunt oozing or shock, ensuring stability, a priority in this fresh-cut cardiac zone.
Cytomegalovirus causes:
- A. infantile bronchiolitis
- B. retinitis
- C. chronic
- D. neonatal encephalitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CMV retinitis blinds HIV, not bronchiolitis, vague chronic, brain hits, or Kaposi's herpes 8. Nurses eye this chronic sight thief.
A patient undergoing external radiation has developed a dry desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. The nurse teaches the patient about the management of the skin reaction. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates the teaching was effective?
- A. I can use ice packs to relieve itching.
- B. I will scrub the area with warm water.
- C. I can buy aloe vera gel to use on my skin.
- D. I will expose my skin to a sun lamp each day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry desquamation flaky, itchy radiated skin loves aloe vera; it soothes without gunking up or infecting. Ice burns it; scrubbing rips it; sun lamps torch it worse. Nurses in oncology teach this gentle, natural relief keeps skin sane through radiation's rough ride, a patient win if they get it.