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On a voting ballot, the individuals who are to be elected during a vote are called:
- A. Representatives.
- B. Candidates.
- C. Bargaining agents.
- D. Electorate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Candidates. Candidates are individuals who are running for election and seeking to be elected to a specific position. They are the ones whose names appear on the voting ballot for voters to choose from. Representatives (A) are individuals who have already been elected to represent a group or constituency. Bargaining agents (C) are individuals who negotiate on behalf of others, typically in labor relations. The electorate (D) refers to all the eligible voters in a particular election, not the individuals who are running for election. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically identifies the individuals seeking election on a voting ballot.
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What is the primary role of a nurse in palliative care?
- A. To provide emotional support to patients and families
- B. To coordinate patient care and provide pain management
- C. To administer medications and treatments
- D. To conduct research on end-of-life care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in palliative care, nurses play a crucial role in coordinating patient care and providing effective pain management. This involves working closely with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals to ensure holistic care and comfort for the patient. Nurses are responsible for assessing and addressing the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of patients in palliative care. Providing pain relief and symptom management is a key aspect of improving the quality of life for patients. Emotional support (choice A) is important but not the primary role. Administering medications (choice C) is a task within the role but not the primary focus. Conducting research (choice D) is valuable but not the primary responsibility of a nurse in palliative care.
Which of the following clients would most likely be selected for case management?
- A. An adolescent with a gunshot wound who is in the ER.
- B. A young adult with a fractured pelvis.
- C. An elderly client awaiting a hip replacement.
- D. A 41-year-old client admitted for outpatient tonsillectomy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an elderly client awaiting a hip replacement typically requires ongoing support and coordination of services, making them a good candidate for case management. This client would benefit from assistance with navigating the healthcare system, coordinating appointments, and ensuring continuity of care post-surgery.
Choice A is incorrect as the adolescent with a gunshot wound in the ER is likely to be in need of immediate medical intervention rather than case management. Choice B is incorrect as a young adult with a fractured pelvis may require medical treatment but may not necessarily need the level of ongoing support that case management provides. Choice D is incorrect as a 41-year-old client admitted for an outpatient tonsillectomy is a relatively straightforward procedure that may not require extensive case management services.
What is the main focus of the Magnet Recognition Program?
- A. Nurse satisfaction
- B. Patient outcomes
- C. Financial performance
- D. Nursing excellence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nursing excellence. The main focus of the Magnet Recognition Program is to recognize healthcare organizations that demonstrate nursing excellence in practice. This includes promoting a positive work environment, professional development, and quality patient care outcomes. Choice A, nurse satisfaction, is important but not the primary focus of the program. Choice B, patient outcomes, is related to nursing excellence but not the main focus of the program. Choice C, financial performance, is not directly related to nursing excellence and is not a focus of the Magnet Recognition Program.
Which of the following theories best describes current health care delivery systems?
- A. Open system theory
- B. Closed system theory
- C. Chaos theory
- D. Contingency theory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contingency theory. Contingency theory suggests that there is no one best way to organize and manage a healthcare system. It emphasizes that the effectiveness of a healthcare delivery system depends on various factors such as the environment, technology, and organizational structure. This theory acknowledges the complexity of healthcare systems and the need for flexibility and adaptation to changing circumstances.
A: Open system theory focuses on the system's interaction with its environment, but it does not specifically address the best way to organize and manage a healthcare system.
B: Closed system theory suggests that a system is self-contained and not influenced by external factors, which is not suitable for describing healthcare delivery systems.
C: Chaos theory emphasizes the unpredictability and complexity of systems, but it does not provide a framework for organizing and managing healthcare systems effectively.
Successful professional nurses benefit from working with mentors. What mutually rewarding outcomes are realized in mentoring relationships? (EXCEPT)
- A. Instilling a sense of accomplishing a meaningful effort
- B. Assuming each other's characteristics
- C. Fostering an interdependent relationship
- D. Promoting self-esteem
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assuming each other's characteristics. In mentoring relationships, the mentor provides guidance, support, and knowledge to the mentee. The mentee learns from the mentor's experience and expertise, but they should not aim to assume the mentor's characteristics. The mentee should develop their own skills and strengths, not mimic the mentor. This is important for the mentee's professional growth and individuality. Choices A, C, and D are all positive outcomes of mentoring relationships, as they focus on achieving goals, building interdependence, and enhancing self-esteem through support and learning.