Microbiology Chapter 12 Test Bank

Microbiology Chapter 12 Test Bank Related

Review Microbiology Chapter 12 Test Bank related questions and content

On the territory of a certain region the mass death of rodents was observed. It was assumed that it may be caused by plague agent. What serological reaction should be applied for quick determination of antigen of this epizootic agent?

  • A. Precipitation reaction
  • B. Agglutination reaction
  • C. Reaction of passive hemagglutination
  • D. Bordet-Gengou test
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agglutination reaction. This is the most suitable serological reaction for the quick determination of the antigen of the epizootic agent causing mass rodent deaths. In agglutination reaction, antibodies cause the clumping of antigens, allowing for easy visual detection of the presence of the specific antigen. This is efficient for rapid diagnosis in cases of suspected infectious diseases like plague.

A: Precipitation reaction is more suitable for identifying soluble antigens, not for quick determination of a specific antigen in this scenario.
C: Reaction of passive hemagglutination is used for measuring the presence of antibodies, not antigens.
D: Bordet-Gengou test is a specific test for the identification of Bordetella pertussis bacterium, not suitable for this scenario.

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Bacillary dysentery is also called:

  • A. salmonellosis
  • B. shigellosis
  • C. typhoid fever
  • D. campylobacteriosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bacillary dysentery is caused by the bacterium Shigella, hence it is also known as shigellosis. Shigella is the primary pathogen responsible for this infectious disease, leading to severe diarrhea with blood and mucus. Salmonellosis (A) is caused by Salmonella bacteria, not Shigella. Typhoid fever (C) is caused by Salmonella typhi, not Shigella. Campylobacteriosis (D) is caused by Campylobacter bacteria, not Shigella. Therefore, the correct answer is B because Shigella is the specific bacterium associated with bacillary dysentery.

The basic requirements of PCR reaction include:

  • A. DNA segment to be amplified
  • B. Two oligonucleotide primers
  • C. Heat stable DNA
  • D. All of these
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the options are essential for a PCR reaction.
A: DNA segment is required as the template for amplification.
B: Two oligonucleotide primers are needed to initiate DNA replication.
C: Heat stable DNA polymerase (not just heat stable DNA) is crucial for withstanding the high temperatures during PCR.
In summary, without any of these components, the PCR reaction cannot proceed effectively.

A 40-year-old female farmworker has been diagnosed with brucellosis and administered causal chemotherapy. What group of drugs will be used for this purpose?

  • A. Antibiotic
  • B. Donor immunoglobulin
  • C. Inactivated therapeutic vaccine
  • D. Antitoxic serum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antibiotic. Brucellosis is a bacterial infection, and antibiotics are the primary treatment to target and eliminate the bacteria causing the disease. Antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin are commonly used for brucellosis treatment. Donor immunoglobulin (B) is not used to treat brucellosis as it is not caused by a deficiency in antibodies. Inactivated therapeutic vaccine (C) is used for prevention, not for treating active infections. Antitoxic serum (D) is used to neutralize toxins produced by bacteria, not to directly kill the bacteria themselves in cases like brucellosis.

Immunosuppressive drugs are not used for:

  • A. Organ transplantation
  • B. Measles
  • C. Autoimmune diseases
  • D. Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Measles. Immunosuppressive drugs are not used for treating viral infections like measles as they target the immune system and can worsen the infection. Organ transplantation requires immunosuppressive drugs to prevent organ rejection. Autoimmune diseases involve an overactive immune response, so immunosuppressive drugs are used to reduce this response. Hemolytic disease of the newborn can be treated with immunosuppressive drugs to prevent the destruction of red blood cells.

The drug most often used in fighting protozoan infections of the reproductive system is:

  • A. ampicillin
  • B. tetracycline
  • C. ciprofloxacin
  • D. metronidazole
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: metronidazole. Metronidazole is specifically effective against protozoan infections due to its ability to target and disrupt the DNA of the parasites. It is commonly used to treat infections such as trichomoniasis and giardiasis that affect the reproductive system. Ampicillin (A) and tetracycline (B) are antibiotics that target bacteria, not protozoa. Ciprofloxacin (C) is also an antibiotic that is effective against certain bacterial infections but not protozoan infections. Therefore, metronidazole is the most appropriate choice for fighting protozoan infections of the reproductive system.

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