Once a case definition for an outbreak investigation has been established, it should not be changed.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Case definitions may need adjustment as new information becomes available during an investigation.
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More CO2 is generated from
- A. fossils fuels
- B. kitchens(burning firewood)
- C. industries
- D. all
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All listed sources significantly contribute to CO2 emissions.
What might explain a sudden increase in disease reports in one county?
- A. An outbreak in the county.
- B. Batch reports.
- C. Duplicate reports.
- D. Increase in the county's population and laboratory error.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Duplicate reports inflate the apparent number of cases without reflecting true incidence.
What are some possible hazards associated with the organochloride pesticide DDT?
- A. Bioaccumulation and reproductive toxicity.
- B. Immediate skin irritation and respiratory distress.
- C. Increased crop yield and soil fertility.
- D. Improved water quality and biodiversity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DDT bioaccumulates in ecosystems and is linked to reproductive and developmental toxicity in wildlife and humans.
Have similar events occurred in the United States?
- A. Yes, Three Mile Island (1979).
- B. No, such events are impossible.
- C. Yes, every decade since 1950.
- D. No, nuclear plants are entirely safe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The partial meltdown at Three Mile Island in 1979 is a notable example of a nuclear accident in the U.S.
Temperature is......scale
- A. Ordinal scale
- B. Interval scale
- C. Ratio scale
- D. Nominal scale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Temperature is measured on an interval scale because it has equal intervals but no true zero point.