Nokea
Demographic gap means
- A. Differences in sex ratio
- B. Differences between age-specific birth and death rates
- C. Differences between birth and death rates
- D. Differences in child and women ratio
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Demographic gap refers to the difference between birth and death rates in a population, indicating population growth or decline.
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What might explain a sudden increase in disease reports in one county?
- A. An outbreak in the county.
- B. Batch reports.
- C. Duplicate reports.
- D. Increase in the county's population and laboratory error.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Duplicate reports inflate the apparent number of cases without reflecting true incidence.
A number of passengers on a cruise ship have developed a gastrointestinal illness. Your case definition should include, at a minimum:
- A. Clinical criteria, plus specification of time, place, and person
- B. Clinical features, plus the exposure(s) you most suspect
- C. Suspect cases
- D. The nationally agreed standard case definition for disease reporting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A case definition must specify clinical criteria and the context of time, place, and person.
Nepal red cross society established in
- A. 1969
- B. 1963
- C. 1965
- D. 1967
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Nepal Red Cross Society was founded in 1963.
Once a case definition for an outbreak investigation has been established, it should not be changed.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Case definitions may need adjustment as new information becomes available during an investigation.
A method of comparing the benefit measured in terms of a social objective of a project with all cost of that project is known as
- A. cost benefit analysis
- B. cost effectiveness analysis
- C. cost utility analysis
- D. cost efficiency analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cost effectiveness analysis measures benefits in terms of achieving social objectives.