Nokea
Once admitted to hospital the physician indicates that Mr. Gubatan is a paraplegic. The family asks the nurse what that means. The nurse explains that:
- A. Upper extremities are paralyzed
- B. Both lower and upper extremities are
- C. Lower extremities are paralyzed paralyzed
- D. One side of the body is paralyzed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Paraplegia is a condition characterized by the paralysis of both lower extremities. It does not affect the upper extremities or one side of the body specifically. When someone is described as a paraplegic, it means they have lost function and sensation in their lower limbs, usually due to a spinal cord injury or disease affecting the lower part of the spinal cord. This term helps provide a specific understanding of the type and location of the paralysis in the body.
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At which stage of development are children apt to believe in the reversibility of death?
- A. Toddler.
- B. Preschool age.
- C. School age.
- D. Adolescent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preschool-aged children commonly believe in the reversibility of death due to their cognitive development stage, where magical thinking is prevalent.
For a patient receiving furosemide, the nurse evaluates the medication as being effective if which of the following effects occurs?
- A. Urine output increased
- B. Heart rate increased
- C. Serum potassium decreased
- D. Pulse pressure increased
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used to help the body get rid of excess salt and water through increased urine output. By inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle in the kidneys, furosemide promotes the excretion of water, sodium, chloride, and other electrolytes. Therefore, the nurse would evaluate the medication as effective if the patient experiences increased urine output, as it indicates that the furosemide is working to eliminate excess fluids from the body.
According to developmental theories, which event is essential to toddler development?
- A. Learning to feed oneself.
- B. Developing friendships.
- C. Learning to walk.
- D. Being potty-trained.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The mastery of toilet training is considered a key developmental milestone during the toddler period.
A child has a postoperative appendectomy incision covered by a dressing. The nurse has just completed a prescribed dressing change for this child. Which description is an accurate documentation of this procedure?
- A. Dressing change to appendectomy incision completed, child tolerated procedure well, parent present
- B. No complications noted during dressing change to appendectomy incision
- C. Appendectomy incision non-reddened, sutures intact, no drainage noted on old dressing, new dressing applied, procedure tolerated well by child
- D. No changes to appendectomy incisional area, dressing changed, child complained of pain during procedure, new dressing clean, dry and intact
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C provides a thorough and accurate documentation of the dressing change procedure for the postoperative appendectomy incision. This documentation includes essential details such as the condition of the incision site (non-reddened, sutures intact, no drainage noted on old dressing), the action taken (new dressing applied), and the outcome (procedure tolerated well by the child). It covers all the necessary aspects of the dressing change procedure and clearly indicates the status of the incision site before and after the intervention. Options A, B, and D do not provide as comprehensive and detailed information about the dressing change procedure and its outcomes, making option C the most appropriate choice for accurate documentation.
Which patient is most at risk for fluid volume overload?
- A. The 40-year-old with meningitis
- B. The 60-year-old with psoriasis
- C. The 35-year-old with kidney failure
- D. The 2-year-old with influenza
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient with kidney failure is most at risk for fluid volume overload because the kidneys are responsible for regulating fluid balance in the body. In kidney failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete excess fluids, leading to an accumulation of fluid in the body. This can result in fluid volume overload, which can be dangerous and lead to complications such as pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, and hypertension. It is important to monitor this patient closely for signs and symptoms of fluid overload and manage their fluid intake carefully.