Nokea
One focus of collaborative care of patients with AD is
- A. Replacement of deficient acetylcholine in the brain
- B. Drug therapy for cognitive problems and undesirable behaviors
- C. The use of memory-enhancing techniques to delay disease progression
- D. Prevention of other chronic diseases that hasten the progression of AD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug therapy addresses cognitive and behavioral issues in AD
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Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
- A. vision
- B. taste
- C. baroreception
- D. proprioception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baroreception is the correct answer because it is a sensory input related to monitoring blood pressure, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. Vision, taste, and proprioception are sensory inputs that are part of both the somatic and autonomic systems. Vision and taste involve sensory information processed by both systems, while proprioception provides information about body position and movement, which is essential for both systems to coordinate responses.
Parkinsonism includes combination of the following:
- A. tremor, bradykinesia & muscles rigidity
- B. paresis, anesthesia & muscles spasticity
- C. chorea & muscles hypotonia
- D. tremor, ataxia & muscles hypotonia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity are the correct answers because these are the cardinal features of Parkinsonism. Bradykinesia refers to slowness of movement, rigidity refers to increased muscle tone, and tremor is often present at rest. These symptoms result from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
Regarding the innervation of the bladder
- A. parasympathetic innervation is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves
- B. sympathetic innervation comes from L3 and L4 segments of the cord
- C. sympathetic fibres are excitatory to the bladder
- D. bladder distension sensation travels with the sympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parasympathetic innervation of the bladder is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4), which stimulate bladder contraction during urination. Sympathetic fibers inhibit bladder contraction.
A patient with a fractured right hip has an anterior open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. What should the nurse plan to do postoperatively?
- A. Get the patient up to the chair on the first postoperative day.
- B. Position the patient only on the back and the unoperative side.
- C. Keep the leg abductor pillow on the patient even when bathing.
- D. Ambulate the patient with partial weight bearing by discharge.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using an abductor pillow maintains proper alignment.
Which assessment finding should you report immediately for a patient with fractures of the medial ulna and radius?
- A. The patient complains of pressure and pain.
- B. The cast is in place and is dry and intact.
- C. The skin is pink and warm to touch.
- D. The patient can move all fingers and thumb.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pressure and pain could indicate complications such as compartment syndrome, necessitating immediate medical attention.