Nokea
One of the most widely used tests of executive functioning is the:
- A. Manhattan card sorting test.
- B. Quebec number sorting task.
- C. Wisconsin card sorting test.
- D. Minnesota number ordering test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is a widely used neuropsychological test designed to assess executive functions, such as problem-solving, cognitive flexibility, and the ability to adapt to changing rules. During the test, individuals must sort cards based on different criteria (e.g., color, shape) and adjust their strategy when the sorting rules change. This test is particularly useful for evaluating frontal lobe function and identifying deficits in executive functioning.
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Which area of the brain regulates endocrine and autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions?
- A. Basal ganglia
- B. Temporal lobe
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Reticular activating system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The hypothalamus plays a key role in regulating endocrine and ANS functions.
Which of the following symptoms should the nurse closely monitor for in a client with a compartment syndrome in the upper arm?
- A. Epicondylitis
- B. Carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Volkmann's contracture
- D. Ganglion cyst
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Volkmann's contracture is a serious complication of compartment syndrome.
Which of the following would describe the discomfort experienced by a client with a tension headache?
- A. A heavy feeling over the frontal region
- B. and sensitivity to light
- C. Pressure or steady constriction on both sides of the head
- D. Headache and temporary unilateral paralysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tension headaches often feel like a tight band around the head.
The nurse is providing post-procedure care for a patient recovering from a lumbar puncture. Which order should the nurse anticipate for this patient?
- A. Keep the patient NPO for 4 hours.
- B. Have the patient lie flat for 6 hours.
- C. Monitor the patient's pedal pulses every 4 hours.
- D. Keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees for 8 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a lumbar puncture, the patient should lie flat for 6 to 8 hours to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage and reduce the risk of a spinal headache. Monitoring pedal pulses or elevating the head of the bed is not necessary. Proper post-procedure care minimizes complications.
Collections of nerve cell bodies inside the PNS are called:
- A. ganglia
- B. tracts
- C. nerves
- D. nuclei
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ganglia are collections of nerve cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Tracts and nuclei are terms used in the central nervous system (CNS), while nerves are bundles of axons. Therefore, A is the correct answer.