Nokea
Before discharge a patient who has Lightcast applied to immobilize a fracture of the forearm should be taught that
- A. Lightcast may become repeatedly wet during bathing or showering and should be thoroughly dried by using a hair dryer
- B. when bathing or showering the Lightcast should be kept dry by covering it securely with a plastic bag
- C. frequent exposure of the Lightcast to water will cause it to disintegrate but occasional moisture will do no damage
- D. it takes only 10 hours for Lighteast to become hard and dry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the Lightcast dry prevents potential weakening or damage to the cast material.
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Which of the following conditions are more likely to develop in a client who is relatively immobile for the rest of his or her life?
- A. Bladder infection
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Paralysis
- D. Bladder inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immobility increases the risk of bladder infections due to stasis of urine.
The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying. Which statement is the most therapeutic response for the nurse to make?
- A. Why are you crying? The medication will help the disease.
- B. You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for awhile.
- C. Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and bad times.
- D. I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a while.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acknowledging the client's emotions and offering support is the most therapeutic response, as it validates their feelings and provides comfort.
Which of the following is a sign of possible upper motor neuron damage?
- A. Muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia.
- B. Muscle flaccidity and diminished reflexes.
- C. Normal muscle tone and reflexes.
- D. Absence of neurological symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Upper motor neuron damage is characterized by muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia. Flaccidity, diminished reflexes, and normal tone are not associated with upper motor neuron damage.
A person who is drunk may have difficulty walking in a straight line because the alcohol has impacted their:
- A. thalamus
- B. reticular formation
- C. amygdala
- D. cerebellum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. Alcohol impairs the cerebellum's function, leading to difficulties in walking, balance, and fine motor control. This is why individuals who are drunk often exhibit unsteady movements and have trouble walking in a straight line. The cerebellum's role in motor coordination makes it particularly sensitive to the effects of alcohol.
Which is the largest branch of the internal carotid artery?
- A. ophthalmic artery
- B. anterior cerebral artery
- C. middle cerebral artery
- D. striate artery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The middle cerebral artery is the largest branch of the internal carotid artery and supplies a significant portion of the cerebral cortex, including areas responsible for motor and sensory functions.