Nokea
Which of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system?
- A. pons
- B. pancreas
- C. parathyroid
- D. pineal gland
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pons is part of the brainstem and is involved in regulating sleep, respiration, and communication between different parts of the brain. It is not part of the endocrine system, which consists of glands that secrete hormones, such as the pancreas, parathyroid, and pineal gland. The pons plays a role in motor control and sensory processing, but it does not produce hormones.
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Which lobe of the cerebrum is located just above the ear?
- A. Parietal lobe
- B. Temporal lobe
- C. Frontal lobe
- D. Occipital lobe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The temporal lobe is situated near the ears.
In the acute phase following a cerebrovascular accident, patients have a tendency to develop pressure lesions for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
- A. high degree of muscle spasticity
- B. accompanying sensory loss
- C. interference with altered autonomic reflexes
- D. diminished muscle use
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spasticity does not typically contribute to pressure ulcers.
With regard to myotomal nerve supply
- A. opponens pollicis is C8
- B. shoulder abduction is C5, 6
- C. ankle plantar flexion is L4, 5
- D. elbow extension is C7, 8
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shoulder abduction is primarily controlled by the C5 and C6 nerve roots, which innervate the deltoid and supraspinatus muscles.
Which of the following measures should be taken by the nurse to help relieve edema in a client with tissue injury?
- A. Massaging the swollen body part
- B. Taking a prescribed analgesic
- C. Applying a cold pack to the swollen body part
- D. Keeping the swollen body part above the level of the heart
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the affected area helps reduce edema by improving venous return.
The part of the brain responsible for coordinating all your movements is the:
- A. cerebrum.
- B. cerebellum.
- C. brain stem.
- D. cranial nerves.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. It receives sensory input from the spinal cord and other parts of the brain to fine-tune motor activities. The cerebellum ensures smooth and precise movements by integrating information about body position and muscle activity. Damage to the cerebellum can result in uncoordinated movements, balance issues, and difficulties with fine motor skills.