Adult Health Nursing Test Banks

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One of the patients is manifesting signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal such as: tremors, diaphoresis, and hyperactivity. Blood pressure is 190/92 mm.Hg and pulse rate of 92 beats/min. Which of the following medications should you expect to be ordered for these patients?

  • A. Lorazepam ( Ativan )
  • B. Haloperidol ( Haldol )
  • C. Naloxone ( Narcan )
  • D. Benztropin ( Cogentin )
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, such as tremors, diaphoresis, hyperactivity, elevated blood pressure, and tachycardia. Lorazepam, which is a benzodiazepine, is commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms. It helps alleviate symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, tremors, and seizures by acting on the same brain receptors affected by alcohol. It has sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties which can help stabilize the patient and prevent potential complications of alcohol withdrawal, such as seizures. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication used for conditions like schizophrenia and acute psychosis; therefore, it would not be appropriate for alcohol withdrawal. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, and Benztropin is used to treat Parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal symptoms, so they are not indicated for alcohol

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Nurse Noli should advice t he patients the following except:

  • A. Cut down on salt intake
  • B. More fruits and vegetables
  • C. Eat regular meals
  • D. Eat more saturated fats
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nurse Noli should not advise patients to eat more saturated fats. Saturated fats are known to increase cholesterol levels and can lead to heart disease and other health issues. It is recommended to limit the intake of saturated fats in the diet. Therefore, advising patients to eat more saturated fats goes against the goal of promoting heart-healthy habits. Instead, Nurse Noli should focus on encouraging patients to cut down on salt intake, consume more fruits and vegetables, and eat regular meals to maintain a balanced and healthy diet.

Nurse Nilda immediately responds to any cry from her pediatric patients because it is, which of the following reasons?

  • A. to attend to her patients who cannot communicate verbally
  • B. to check if the child is hungry or wet
  • C. to lessen the noise overload in the Unit
  • D. a powerful influence over that individual's interactions with others for the remainder of his/her 1ife
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nurse Nilda immediately responds to any cry from her pediatric patients to attend to her patients who cannot communicate verbally. Crying is one of the few ways infants and young children communicate their needs and discomforts. By responding promptly to their cries, Nurse Nilda can assess and address potential issues such as hunger, pain, discomfort, or other needs that the child may have. This enhances the quality of care provided and helps in comforting and soothing the child, ultimately promoting their well-being and building trust between the nurse and the patient.

The patient has been ordered a regimen to treat a urinary tract infection and notifies the nurse that the patient's urine has turned an orange color. The nurse recognizes that the patient is most likely being treated with which drug?

  • A. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
  • B. Darifenacin hydrobromide (Enablex)
  • C. Bethanechol Cl (Urecholine))
  • D. Phenazopyridine HCl (Pyridium)
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Phenazopyridine HCl (Pyridium) is a medication commonly used to relieve the pain, burning, and discomfort associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs). One of the notable side effects of Phenazopyridine is the discoloration of urine, turning it a rusty-red or orange color. This color change is harmless and temporary, but it can be alarming to patients who are unaware of this side effect. Therefore, if a patient undergoing treatment for a UTI notices their urine has turned orange, it is most likely due to the administration of Phenazopyridine.

Nurse Lyca is aware that testing of vision in infants and children has been treated separately from the testing of adult. which of the statement is NOT true?

  • A. Infants and children often cannot be tested with the same materials and techniques as adults.
  • B. Special techniques often must be used, especially to test infants and preschoolers, that cannot be held to the same standards that apply to tests for adults
  • C. Some infants who appear visually impaired early in life wil1 not Show normal visual responses several weeks or months later
  • D. Course of visual and cognitive development must be taken into account in evaluating infants and children's visual abilities
Correct Answer: E

Rationale: All of the statements (A-D) are true when discussing the testing of vision in infants and children separately from testing in adults. However, statement E is NOT true. The course of visual and cognitive development MUST be taken into account in evaluating infants and children's visual abilities. It is crucial to consider the stage of development a child is in when evaluating their vision, as their visual abilities can change rapidly during early childhood. Ignoring the course of development could lead to incorrect assessments and misunderstandings about the child's visual capabilities.

A postpartum client who is breastfeeding expresses concerns about breast engorgement and discomfort. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to alleviate symptoms?

  • A. Encouraging frequent breastfeeding or pumping sessions
  • B. Applying cold packs to the breasts between feedings
  • C. Recommending the use of a supportive bra or breast binder
  • D. Administering oral analgesics for pain relief
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention to alleviate breast engorgement and discomfort in a breastfeeding client is to encourage frequent breastfeeding or pumping sessions. Engorgement occurs when the breasts become overly full of milk, causing them to become swollen, firm, and painful. By ensuring that the baby breastfeeds frequently, the client can effectively empty the breasts, which helps to relieve engorgement and discomfort. Encouraging the client to breastfeed on demand and ensuring proper latching can help prevent further engorgement issues. Pumping can also be useful if the baby is unable to feed directly from the breast or to relieve engorgement between feedings. This intervention addresses the root cause of the problem and promotes the client's comfort and breastfeeding success. Applying cold packs, using a supportive bra or breast binder, and administering oral analgesics may provide some relief for discomfort but do not address the underlying issue of engorgement.

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