Nokea
Outline the process of speciation
- A. Speciation is the splitting of species into two species
- B. Reproductive isolation/lack of interbreeding
- C. Isolation due to geography/reproductive behaviour/reproductive timing
- D. Gene pools separated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Speciation involves reproductive isolation (B), preventing gene flow between populations, leading to new species. Splitting (A) is the outcome, not the process. Isolation factors (C) are mechanisms, not the core. Gene pool separation (D) is a result. B is correct. Rationale: Reproductive isolation, via geographic, behavioral, or temporal barriers, is the foundational process of speciation, driving genetic divergence over time, per evolutionary biology. This distinguishes it from outcomes or mechanisms, ensuring species evolve independently, as seen in Darwin's finches or allopatric speciation models.
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A nurse is caring for a client receiving oxygen therapy through a transtracheal catheter. What is an important nursing consideration for this client?
- A. Ensuring the catheter is placed in the client's nostrils
- B. Assessing the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes
- C. Monitoring the oxygen flow rate continuously
- D. Monitoring the client for signs of oxygen toxicity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring for oxygen toxicity (D) is critical with a transtracheal catheter, as high oxygen delivery directly to the trachea risks lung damage or neurological symptoms. Nasal placement (A) is incorrect transtracheal is tracheal. Q15min RR (B) is excessive. Continuous flow checks (C) are routine. Toxicity monitoring, per respiratory standards, ensures safe long-term use.
According to Maslow, which of the following is NOT TRUE about a self actualized person?
- A. Understands poetry, music, philosophy, science etc.
- B. Desires privacy, autonomous
- C. Follows the decision of the majority, uphold justice and truth
- D. Problem centered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maslow's self-actualized person (1940s) is autonomous and problem-focused e.g., pursuing personal goals over majority views while valuing privacy and insight (poetry, science). Following the crowd contradicts this; justice is personal. Nurses support this e.g., unique patient goals per psychological growth.
The skeletal system acts as a storehouse for calcium, which is a very important component in muscle contractions, as well as which of the following activities in the body?
- A. producing testosterone
- B. preventing seizures
- C. making lymph
- D. blood clotting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. Which of the following actions should the professional take?
- A. Use a 1-inch needle.
- B. Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle.
- C. Use a tuberculin syringe.
- D. Aspirate before injecting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When administering an intradermal injection, a tuberculin syringe is the appropriate choice due to its small size and precise measurement markings, which are essential for accurately delivering the medication into the dermis layer of the skin. Using a 1-inch needle (choice A) is more common for subcutaneous injections, while inserting the needle at a 45-degree angle (choice B) is typical for intramuscular injections. Aspirating before injecting (choice D) is not necessary for intradermal injections, as the goal is to deliver the medication into the dermis rather than a blood vessel.
The client is scheduled to have surgical removal of the tumor on her left breast. Which of the following manifestation indicates that she is experiencing Mild Anxiety?
- A. She has increased awareness of her environmental details
- B. She focused on selected aspect of her illness
- C. She experiences incongruence of action, thoughts and feelings
- D. She experiences random motor activities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.