Nokea
Parkinsonism includes combination of the following:
- A. tremor, bradykinesia & muscles rigidity
- B. paresis, anesthesia & muscles spasticity
- C. chorea & muscles hypotonia
- D. tremor, ataxia & muscles hypotonia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity are the correct answers because these are the cardinal features of Parkinsonism. Bradykinesia refers to slowness of movement, rigidity refers to increased muscle tone, and tremor is often present at rest. These symptoms result from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
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In providing care for clients with osteoporosis, the nurse emphasizes the need for a nutritious, well-balanced diet that is high in which of the following?
- A. Calcium
- B. Iron
- C. Zinc
- D. Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium is crucial for maintaining bone health.
Nystagmus with diplopia is a common side effect of anticonvulsants. Which of the following complaints would alert the nurse that the patient was experiencing nystagmus and diplopia?
- A. drowsiness
- B. drooping eyelids
- C. problems in reading
- D. excessive tearing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Problems in reading can indicate visual disturbances such as nystagmus and diplopia.
In response to the 66-year-old woman with Parkinson's Disease who is experiencing difficulty walking, the charge nurse could offer a supportive and appropriate suggestion to aid in her mobility. The nurse might say:
- A. Using a cane might provide you with the additional support you need while walking.'
- B. If walking becomes too challenging, it's important not to push yourself too hard.'
- C. I can arrange for a wheelchair to help ensure your safety and comfort.'
- D. Focus on walking at a steady, comfortable pace to maintain your mobility.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using a cane can provide additional support and stability for PD patients experiencing difficulty walking, reducing the risk of falls.
The midbrain
- A. Is largely in the middle cranial fossa
- B. Is supplied by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery
- C. Lies between pons and upper spinal cord
- D. Contains the oculomotor nuclei
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The midbrain contains the oculomotor nuclei, which control eye movement. It is located between the pons and diencephalon and is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.
One focus of collaborative care of patients with AD is
- A. Replacement of deficient acetylcholine in the brain
- B. Drug therapy for cognitive problems and undesirable behaviors
- C. The use of memory-enhancing techniques to delay disease progression
- D. Prevention of other chronic diseases that hasten the progression of AD
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug therapy addresses cognitive and behavioral issues in AD