Nokea
The terminal buttons of a neuron are located at the end of its:
- A. axon
- B. dendrite
- C. myelin sheath
- D. nodes of ranvier
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Terminal buttons, also known as synaptic terminals, are located at the end of a neuron's axon. They contain vesicles filled with neurotransmitters, which are released into the synaptic cleft when an action potential reaches the terminal. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the dendrites of adjacent neurons, facilitating communication between neurons. Terminal buttons are essential for transmitting signals across synapses.
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The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of the:
- A. brain and spinal cord.
- B. spinal cord and spinal nerves.
- C. spinal nerves and brain.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system, such as spinal nerves and cranial nerves. It connects the CNS to the limbs, organs, and skin, allowing for the transmission of sensory and motor signals. The PNS is divided into the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements, and the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
A nurse evaluates a client for postoperative complications following joint replacement surgery. Upon discharge, the nurse teaches the client that the risk of infection is present for how long after surgery?
- A. Two weeks
- B. One month
- C. Three months
- D. Six months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infections can occur up to six months post-surgery due to the body's healing process and immune response.
What would be an abnormal finding when assessing cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve)?
- A. Pupil dilation or asymmetry.
- B. Constricted pupils.
- C. Equal and reactive pupils.
- D. Normal eye movement.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pupil dilation or asymmetry indicates dysfunction of cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve). Constricted pupils, equal and reactive pupils, and normal eye movement are normal findings.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with chronic low back pain. Which statement by the patient indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
- A. I will avoid exercise because the pain gets worse.
- B. I will use heat or ice to help control the pain.
- C. I will not wear high-heeled shoes at home or work.
- D. I will purchase a firm mattress to replace my old one.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding exercise can lead to muscle weakness and worsening of back pain; exercise is often recommended as part of the treatment plan.
Nystagmus with diplopia is a common side effect of anticonvulsants. Which of the following complaints would alert the nurse that the patient was experiencing nystagmus and diplopia?
- A. drowsiness
- B. drooping eyelids
- C. problems in reading
- D. excessive tearing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Problems in reading can indicate visual disturbances such as nystagmus and diplopia.