Nokea
True statements about the aqueous include:
- A. the production is about 2 ul/min
- B. the endothelium contribute to the production of aqueous
- C. its production decreases with age
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aqueous humor is produced at a rate of about 2 µL/min, primarily by the ciliary epithelium. The endothelium does not contribute to its production. Aqueous production decreases with age, which can affect intraocular pressure regulation.
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A patient with a fractured right hip has an anterior open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture. What should the nurse plan to do postoperatively?
- A. Get the patient up to the chair on the first postoperative day.
- B. Position the patient only on the back and the unoperative side.
- C. Keep the leg abductor pillow on the patient even when bathing.
- D. Ambulate the patient with partial weight bearing by discharge.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using an abductor pillow maintains proper alignment.
A medical-surgical nurse works with a patient diagnosed with a somatic system disorder. Care planning is facilitated by understanding that the patient will probably:
- A. readily seek psychiatric counseling.
- B. be resistant to accepting psychiatric help.
- C. attend psychotherapy sessions without encouragement.
- D. be eager to discover the true reasons for physical symptoms.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because individuals with somatic symptom disorders often resist psychiatric help due to their strong belief that their physical symptoms have a medical, not psychological, cause. This resistance can stem from fear of being labeled as "crazy" or of not being taken seriously. Therefore, the nurse should be aware of this resistance and approach the patient with empathy and understanding.
A: This is incorrect because individuals with somatic symptom disorders often do not readily seek psychiatric counseling due to their belief that their symptoms are purely physical.
C: This is incorrect because individuals with somatic symptom disorders may not attend psychotherapy sessions without encouragement due to their resistance to psychiatric help.
D: This is incorrect because individuals with somatic symptom disorders may not be eager to discover the true reasons for physical symptoms as they strongly believe in the medical cause.
Regarding the innervation of the bladder
- A. parasympathetic innervation is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves
- B. sympathetic innervation comes from L3 and L4 segments of the cord
- C. sympathetic fibres are excitatory to the bladder
- D. bladder distension sensation travels with the sympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parasympathetic innervation of the bladder is via the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4), which stimulate bladder contraction during urination. Sympathetic fibers inhibit bladder contraction.
You have just admitted a patient with bacterial meningitis to the medical-surgical unit. The patient complains of a severe headache with photophobia and has a temperature of 102.6°F orally. Which collaborative intervention must be accomplished first?
- A. Administer codeine 15 mg orally for the patient's headache.
- B. Infuse ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 2000 mg IV to treat the infection.
- C. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg orally to reduce the fever.
- D. Give furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV to decrease intracranial pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Treating the underlying infection is the priority in bacterial meningitis.
The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called:
- A. an ion
- B. nerve glue
- C. a neurotransmitter
- D. the sodium-potassium pump
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neurotransmitters are chemical substances released at axonal endings to propagate nervous impulses across synapses. Ions and the sodium-potassium pump are involved in generating action potentials, while nerve glue and action potentials are not substances released at axonal endings. Thus, C is the correct answer.