Nokea
Patients should be instructed regarding the rapid onset of zolpidem (Ambien) because:
- A. Zolpidem should be taken just before going to bed.
- B. Zolpidem may cause dry mouth and constipation.
- C. Patients may need to double the dose for effectiveness.
- D. They should stop drinking alcohol at least 30 minutes before taking zolpidem.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zolpidem's rapid onset requires bedtime administration to prevent falls or amnesia.
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The Alkaline Drug (Amidopy rine) is absorbed from
- A. Stomach
- B. Proximal small intestine
- C. Distal small intestine
- D. Colon
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Basic drugs like amidopyrine are ionized in the stomach (acidic pH) and absorbed in the small intestine (neutral pH).
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex.
A characteristic that distinguishes true receptors from other drug binding sites present in blood and other biological tissues is the characteristic of:
- A. binding affinity
- B. reversible binding
- C. signal transduction
- D. stereoselective interaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reversible binding is a key feature of true receptors, distinguishing them from non-specific binding sites like plasma proteins.
The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The nurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body areas?
- A. Back
- B. Axilla
- C. Soles of the feet
- D. Palms of the hands
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorption is higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
The adverse events of sulfonylurea drugs are:
- A. Hypoglycemia and weight gain
- B. Gastrointestinal symptoms
- C. Aggravation of heart failure
- D. Increased risk of bone fracture in females
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sulfonylureas like glyburide cause hypoglycemia and weight gain by increasing insulin release.