Nokea
People with disabilities (PWD):
- A. Have higher mortality rate due to their underlying bodily impairments
- B. Have a thinner margin of health compared to general population
- C. In the UK had lower infection and mortality rate during the Covid pandemic
- D. Have lesser secondary functional loss when they fall sick
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PWD have a thinner margin of health, meaning they are more vulnerable to health declines, per global health data.
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The plan of care for a patient who has demonstrated outbursts of physical violence against his family when frustrated, followed by periods of remorse after each outburst, would be considered successful when the patient:
- A. Expresses frustration verbally instead of physically.
- B. Agrees to seek group counseling at a future time.
- C. Explains the reason for his behavior toward the victim.
- D. Identifies three personal strengths and coping strategies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because expressing frustration verbally instead of physically shows progress in managing emotions constructively. This approach helps prevent harm and promotes effective communication. Choice B doesn't address immediate behavior change. Choice C focuses on explaining behavior rather than changing it. Choice D is more about self-awareness and coping strategies, which is important but doesn't directly address the violent behavior.
In Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), which of the following is a characteristic clinical feature?
- A. Do not prefer foods with strong smells
- B. Do not prefer bland foods
- C. Do not have weight concerns
- D. Do not prefer solid foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARFID involves food avoidance without body image concerns, unlike AN; lack of weight concerns is a key feature per DSM-5.
What is the primary concern when a patient with bulimia nervosa engages in frequent purging?
- A. Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.
- B. Increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
- C. Improvement in body image and self-esteem.
- D. Decreased risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration. Purging behaviors in bulimia nervosa, such as self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse, can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration due to loss of essential minerals and fluids. This can result in serious medical complications like cardiac arrhythmias and kidney damage. The other choices are incorrect because B is unrelated to purging behaviors, C is unlikely as purging does not improve body image or self-esteem, and D is incorrect as purging actually increases the risk of gastrointestinal complications.
A patient tells the nurse, "My doctor prescribed Paxil (paroxetine) for my depression. I assume I'll have side effects like I had when I was taking Tofranil (imipramine)." The nurse's reply should be based on the knowledge that paroxetine is a:
- A. Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.
- B. Tricyclic antidepressant.
- C. MAO inhibitor.
- D. SSRI
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: SSRI. Paroxetine belongs to the class of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which work by primarily increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. This mechanism differs from tricyclic antidepressants like Tofranil (imipramine) and MAO inhibitors. SSRIs are known for having fewer side effects compared to tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors. Therefore, the nurse should inform the patient that the side effects experienced with Tofranil are not necessarily indicative of what they will experience with Paxil due to the different drug classes.
An elderly woman is brought to the clinic by her daughter. The client states that she has had a cold for several days. Her daughter states that her mother has been confused about when her routine medications are to be taken and that her mother has never experienced confusion before. Based on this information, it is important that the nurse ask the client whether:
- A. There is a history of mental illness in the family.
- B. She has been given a diagnosis of a mental health disorder in the past.
- C. She can recall her last visit to a physician.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: There is a history of mental illness in the family. This is important because the sudden onset of confusion in an elderly person could be indicative of a new mental health issue or cognitive decline. Asking about a family history of mental illness can provide valuable insights into potential genetic predispositions or underlying conditions that may be contributing to the client's confusion.
Choices B and C are incorrect because the client's own history of mental health diagnosis or ability to recall a physician visit are not directly related to the sudden onset of confusion. Choice D is incorrect because asking about a family history of mental illness could provide crucial information in understanding the client's current condition.