Nokea
pH of stomach in human is about-
- A. 7
- B. 1.8
- C. 8
- D. 11
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stomach's pH is approximately 1.8 due to the secretion of hydrochloric acid, creating an acidic environment for digestion.
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An older adult client asks the nurse why laxatives are frequently required to have a bowel movement. The nurse bases the response to this question on knowledge that:
- A. Older adults frequently abuse laxatives
- B. Laxatives are very often contraindicated in the older population
- C. Enemas are preferred over laxatives to evacuate the bowel
- D. Decreased bowel peristalsis is common in older adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aging often reduces peristalsis, slowing bowel movements and increasing the need for laxatives.
Match: Duodenum
- A. initial section of the small intestine where most chemical digestion occurs
- B. stores bile
- C. secretes insulin
- D. absorbs water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where most chemical digestion takes place.
The end product of digestion of starch which is absorbed into the bloodstream is:
- A. amino acid
- B. fatty acid
- C. glucose
- D. sucrose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Starch is broken down into glucose by enzymes like amylase and maltase, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream.
Esophagus, all true except:
- A. Muscular tube that conveys the ingested food from the pharynx to the stomach
- B. Esophagus shows longitudinal folds that help in its expansion during swallowing.
- C. Its muscularis mucosa is formed entirely of smooth muscles.
- D. Its mucosa have no glands in the entire length.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The esophageal mucosa contains mucous glands in the submucosa, especially in the upper and lower regions, not none along its length.
In human body, the digestion of protein begins in which of the following organs?
- A. Liver
- B. Mouth
- C. Small intestine
- D. Stomach
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The digestion of protein begins in the stomach, where pepsin, activated by hydrochloric acid, starts breaking down proteins into smaller peptides.