Nokea
Phenotype refers to the....................of an individual.
- A. Genetic makeup
- B. Actual physical appearance
- C. Recessive alleles
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an individual, such as physical appearance, behavior, and other observable features. While the genotype represents the genetic makeup of an individual, the phenotype is what is actually expressed or seen. Recessive alleles are specific forms of genes that can be present in the genotype but may not always be expressed in the phenotype.
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Which type of cells possess a cell membrane?
- A. Prokaryotic cells only
- B. Eukaryotic cells only
- C. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cell membrane is a fundamental structure found in all cells, serving as a protective barrier and regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Therefore, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane. This makes option C the correct choice.
In the scenario presented in question #49, what type of solution is the egg immersed in?
- A. Hypertonic
- B. Isotonic
- C. Hypotonic
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When an egg is placed in a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the egg into the surrounding solution due to the higher concentration of solutes outside the egg. This results in the egg shrinking or shriveling up as water leaves it, indicating a hypertonic environment.
Enzymes can ................. reactions.
- A. Catalyze
- B. Inhibit
- C. Stop
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enzymes function to catalyze reactions, which means they accelerate the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. Enzymes do not inhibit or stop reactions; instead, they facilitate and enable reactions to occur more efficiently. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Catalyze.'
Which cellular component contributes to the protection, communication, and passage of substances into and out of the cell?
- A. Nucleus
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Cytoplasm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cell membrane is responsible for protecting the cell, facilitating communication with the external environment, and controlling the passage of substances into and out of the cell. It acts as a barrier, regulating the entry and exit of molecules to maintain the cell's internal environment. The nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasm have their own distinct functions within the cell but do not primarily serve the purposes mentioned in the question.
Skin cells undergo what type of cellular division?
- A. Melosis.
- B. Binary fission.
- C. Sexual reproduction.
- D. Mitosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mitosis. Skin cells undergo mitosis, a type of cellular division where a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the genetic material is equally distributed between the daughter cells to ensure genetic stability. Melosis (A) is incorrect as it refers to the type of cell division that occurs during sexual reproduction to produce gametes. Binary fission (B) is incorrect as it is a form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotes. Sexual reproduction (C) is incorrect as it involves the fusion of gametes from two different parents to produce genetically diverse offspring, not the division of existing cells like in skin cells. In summary, mitosis is the correct choice for skin cell division as it maintains genetic continuity and ensures tissue growth and repair.