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"Phobias — 'Don’t be afraid.' Sounds simple, but for some people it's not. Having the normal
reaction of being scared or frightened helps you to survive threats of all kinds, both physical
and verbal. Most mild fears are outgrown during childhood; however, severe fears, called
phobias, are extreme and unreasonable. Phobias cause out-of-control feelings such as
sickness, headaches, ulcers, and high blood pressure. Specific phobias center around things,
activities, or situations while people with social phobias feel anxiety over social settings
where they fear embarrassing situations. Another type of phobia called panic disorder causes
people to sweat, tremble, or even faint due to overwhelming panic which may occur at any
time. By talking, breathing deeply, and visualizing, a person can gain control over
debilitating phobias
Phobias can cause physical ailments. Which are examples of those physical ailments?
- A. Anemia and depression.
- B. Ulcers and high blood pressure.
- C. Sore throat and headaches.
- D. Itching and blurred vision.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The passage explicitly mentions that phobias can lead to physical ailments such as sickness, headaches, ulcers, and high blood pressure. Among the answer choices, option B is the only one that correctly identifies ulcers and high blood pressure as examples of physical ailments associated with phobias, making it the correct answer.
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Glass: I wonder who first discovered glass. This commodity has been a part of civilization from the very beginning. Imagine a world without glass! How dark and dismal it would be. No windows, corrective lenses, telescopes, microscopes, cameras, sparkly drinking containers or mirrors. Life would not be the same without this wonderful discovery. Thank you, whoever found glass!
Glass is not an element, but a combination of several elements. It is a hard, brittle, transparent solid material composed mainly of silica, with additives to change the character of the glass. Common additives are soda, lime, lead, and boron. Each additive changes the properties of the final product. Soda and lime are the most common additives, accounting for about 90% of glass production. Adding lead increases reflectivity, causing the glass to 'sparkle.' The addition of boron changes the thermal and electrical properties of glass, allowing cookware that can be used in the oven without shattering.
What statement is a fact stated in the article?
- A. Glass is an element that can be mixed with other elements.
- B. Glass is not an element, but a combination of several elements.
- C. Glass with lead is the most common type produced today.
- D. Glass is found in nature in the form of obsidian.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glass is not an element, but a combination of several elements. This statement is supported by the text, which clearly explains that glass is composed of several elements such as silica, soda, lime, lead, and boron. Glass is not a standalone element but a mixture of these components.
Rationale:
1. Glass is not an element: The text explicitly states that glass is not an element but a combination of several elements, emphasizing the composite nature of glass.
2. Mixture of elements: The text mentions silica, soda, lime, lead, and boron as components of glass, highlighting the varied composition of glass.
3. Clarification of glass composition: By mentioning the additives used to change the character of glass, the text reinforces the idea that glass is a combination of elements rather than a single element.
Summary of incorrect choices:
A: Incorrect because the text clearly states that glass is not an element, but a combination of several elements.
C:
The Water Cycle
Water is needed to sustain practically all life functions on planet Earth. A single drop of this compound is composed of an oxygen atom that shares its electrons with each of the two hydrogen atoms.
The cycle starts when precipitation, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, descends from the sky onto the ground. Water that is not absorbed immediately from the precipitation is known as runoff. The runoff flows across the land and collects in groundwater reservoirs, rivers, streams, and oceans.
Evaporation takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. Water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants.
Ultimately, condensation happens when this water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of liquid. In fact, the puffy, cotton clouds that we observe are formed by condensation. When the clouds become heavily laden with liquid droplets, precipitation ensues.
Which sentence uses the word laden the same as in the passage?
- A. As the rain continued, the water trickled down the empty, laden street.
- B. When the storm cleared, you could see the cloudless, laden sky.
- C. The laden trumpets sounded when the stadium became crowded with fans.
- D. The bowl of cereal overflowed when it became too laden with milk.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sentence 'The bowl of cereal overflowed when it became too laden with milk' uses 'laden' to describe the bowl of cereal as being heavily filled or loaded with milk, similar to how the clouds are described in the passage as being heavily laden with liquid droplets before precipitation occurs. The meaning aligns perfectly with the original context of 'laden.' This choice is the correct answer as it mirrors the usage of 'laden' in the passage.
ELECTORAL COLLEGE
The Electoral College has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is based on the population of the state established by the Census taken each decade. During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that state. It's all very confusing, but the founding fathers know what they were doing. Downloaded by Abdul Hamid (a.ahamid2181@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|10672023 HESI A2 V2 Grammar, Vocab, Reading, & Math Questions with Answers). By having and using the Electoral College candidates' campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country doesn't mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won the popular vote across the country, but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore, he became our 43rd president.
The author's reason for writing this piece seems to be to:
- A. Entertain the reader with anecdotes
- B. Persuade the reader to support a specific candidate
- C. Teach the reader
- D. Criticize the electoral process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The passage aims to educate the reader about the Electoral College system and its functioning. It provides factual information about how the Electoral College operates, including the allocation of electoral votes based on a state's representation in Congress. There is no indication in the passage that the author's intention was to entertain, persuade, or criticize. By clarifying the purpose of the Electoral College and how it impacts presidential elections, the author is primarily focused on teaching the reader about this aspect of the political process.
The Water Cycle
Water is needed to sustain practically all life functions on planet Earth. A single drop of this compound is composed of an oxygen atom that shares its electrons with each of the two hydrogen atoms.
The cycle starts when precipitation, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, descends from the sky onto the ground. Water that is not absorbed immediately from the precipitation is known as runoff. The runoff flows across the land and collects in groundwater reservoirs, rivers, streams, and oceans.
Evaporation takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor, which is a gas. Water vapor returns to the air from surface water and plants.
Ultimately, condensation happens when this water vapor cools and changes back into droplets of liquid. In fact, the puffy, cotton clouds that we observe are formed by condensation. When the clouds become heavily laden with liquid droplets, precipitation ensues.
Knowing that the cooling of water vapor results in condensation, one could conclude that ______ is a factor in the evaporation process.
- A. Humidity
- B. Heat
- C. Electrons
- D. Runoff
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heat. The process of evaporation involves the conversion of liquid water into water vapor, which requires heat energy to break the bonds between water molecules. When water vapor cools, it condenses back into liquid form. Therefore, the presence of heat is a crucial factor in the evaporation process, as it provides the energy needed for water molecules to escape into the air as vapor.
Glass
I wonder who first discovered glass. This commodity has been a part of civilization from the very beginning. Imagine a world without glass! How dark and dismal it would be. No windows, corrective lenses, telescopes, microscopes, cameras, sparkly drinking containers or mirrors. Life would not be the same without this wonderful discovery. Thank you, whoever found glass!
Glass is not an element, but a combination of several elements. It is a hard, brittle, transparent solid material composed mainly of silica, with additives to change the character of the glass. Common additives are soda, lime, lead, and boron. Each additive changes the properties of the final product. Soda and lime are the most common additives, accounting for about 90% of glass production. Adding lead increases reflectivity, causing the glass to "sparkle." The addition of boron changes the thermal and electrical properties of glass, allowing cookware that can be used in the oven without shattering.
What statement is implied by the article?
- A. Glass is an essential part of our lives.
- B. Glass is rarely used in everyday items.
- C. Glass production is harmful to the environment.
- D. Glass technology is outdated and ineffective.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Glass is an essential part of our lives.' The article highlights the significance of glass in various aspects of human life, such as windows, corrective lenses, telescopes, microscopes, cameras, drinking containers, and mirrors. It emphasizes how life would be different and lacking without the presence of glass. Furthermore, the text expresses gratitude for the discovery of glass, indicating its essential role and impact on civilization. Hence, the implication throughout the article is that glass is indeed an indispensable and fundamental component of our daily existence.