Nokea
Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies usually occur on, which of the following? It occurs ________.
- A. Within 24 hours from birth
- B. 7 days after birth
- C. Upon birth
- D. Between the 2nd and the 3rd day after birth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiologic jaundice among newborn babies typically occurs between the 2nd and the 3rd day after birth. This type of jaundice is considered normal and harmless and is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells and the immaturity of the newborn baby's liver in processing bilirubin. The bilirubin levels rise in the blood, leading to a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes. This type of jaundice usually peaks around the 3rd to 4th day after birth and then gradually resolves without treatment within the first week of life. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor bilirubin levels and ensure that they do not reach dangerous levels that could potentially harm the newborn.
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A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease is prescribed a low-phosphorus diet. Which dietary choice indicates understanding of the prescribed diet?
- A. Grilled chicken breast
- B. Cheese omelet
- C. Whole wheat toast with peanut butter
- D. Spinach salad with almonds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grilled chicken breast is a suitable choice for a low-phosphorus diet because poultry is typically lower in phosphorus compared to dairy products (like cheese), nuts (like almonds), and whole grains (like wheat toast). This option indicates an understanding of the need to restrict phosphorus intake, which is important for individuals with chronic kidney disease to prevent complications.
Gloria decides to include only nurses who have a minimum three years experience as psychiatric nurses. Which of the following terms refer to this?
- A. Concept
- B. Limitation
- C. Variable
- D. Delimitation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A delimitation in a research study refers to setting specific boundaries or restrictions on the scope of the study. In this scenario, Gloria's decision to include only nurses with a minimum of three years experience as psychiatric nurses is a delimitation because it sets a specific criterion or boundary for the selection of participants. This helps to focus the study on a particular group of individuals who possess the required experience, ensuring the research is targeted and relevant to the topic being investigated.
Three hours postpartum, a primiparous patient's fundus is firm and midline. On perineal inspection by Nurse Kayla, she observes a small constant trickle of blood. What will thee nurse suspect for the patient to have?
- A. Uterine inversion
- B. Retained placenta
- C. Perineal lacerations
- D. Bladder distention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the firm and midline fundus at three hours postpartum indicates that the uterus is contracting well. The presence of a small constant trickle of blood on perineal inspection suggests ongoing bleeding. This combination of findings is concerning for retained placenta, where a portion of the placenta remains attached to the uterine wall and prevents proper contraction and closure of the blood vessels at the placental site. Retained placenta can lead to postpartum hemorrhage and requires prompt evaluation and intervention to prevent complications. Nurse Kayla should escalate this finding to the healthcare provider for further assessment and management.
This theory categorizes professionals as Novice to experts is by ______.
- A. Benner
- B. Pender
- C. Abdellah
- D. Kings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The theory that categorizes professionals as Novice to experts is by Patricia Benner. Patricia Benner developed the Novice to Expert model, which describes how individuals progress through five levels of proficiency in a skill or field. The five levels are Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert. Benner's model is widely used in nursing education and research to understand how nurses develop their clinical skills and expertise over time.
A woman in active labor experiences prolonged and severe pain in the lower back region, along with irregular contractions. What maternal condition should the nurse consider as a potential cause of abnormal labor progress?
- A. Occiput posterior fetal position
- B. Uterine hyperstimulation
- C. Maternal exhaustion
- D. Intrauterine infection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An occiput posterior fetal position, where the baby's head is facing the mother's abdomen rather than her back, can lead to prolonged and severe back pain during labor. This position can cause irregular contractions and difficulty in descending through the birth canal, resulting in abnormal labor progress. The back pain experienced in this case is often intense due to the pressure exerted on the mother's lower back and may also be associated with intense back labor. It is essential for the nurse to recognize this potential issue and assist in maneuvers or positions to help the baby rotate to a more optimal position for delivery.