Nokea
Piaget proposed cognitive stages.
- A. 4
- B. 6
- C. 5
- D. 8
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Piaget outlined four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.
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A patient with AIDS is prescribed the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine (Epivir). What information should the nurse ensure that the patient receives about this medication? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Report any onset of bleeding.
- B. Report any yellowing of the skin.
- C. Report any change in urine output.
- D. Report any symptoms similar to having the flu.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Lamivudine (Epivir) can cause hepatotoxicity, leading to yellowing of the skin (jaundice).
Step 2: Yellowing of the skin is a serious side effect that should be reported immediately to prevent further liver damage.
Step 3: Reporting yellowing of the skin promptly allows for timely evaluation and necessary interventions.
Summary: Reporting bleeding, change in urine output, or flu-like symptoms are not specific to lamivudine and are not directly related to its side effects. Yellowing of the skin is a critical side effect that requires immediate attention.
Which of the following questions is an effective way to elicit a Patient's explanatory model of illness regarding tuberculosis symptoms?
- A. What is your understanding of tuberculosis?
- B. How long have you had tuberculosis?
- C. Does your family have a history of tuberculosis?
- D. Have you ever been tested for tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This question invites patients to share their beliefs about the illness, key to understanding their perspective.
In this stage the group is likely to see the highest level of disagreement and conflict:
- A. Forming
- B. Storming
- C. Norming
- D. Performing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Storming (Tuckman) involves conflict as roles and dynamics are negotiated.
What type of antidepressant medication is not frequently used due to its lethality in overdose?
- A. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
- B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- C. GI upset
- D. Divalproex (Depakote)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). TCAs are not frequently used due to their high lethality in overdose. They have a narrow therapeutic index, leading to severe toxicity even at slightly higher doses. In overdose, TCAs can cause life-threatening cardiovascular and central nervous system effects. SSRIs (B) are safer in overdose compared to TCAs. GI upset (C) is a common side effect of many medications, not specifically antidepressants. Divalproex (D) is not an antidepressant medication, but rather a mood stabilizer primarily used in bipolar disorder.
An older adult with Lewy body dementia lives with family and attends a day care center. A nurse at the day care center noticed the adult had a disheveled appearance, strong odor of urine, and bruises on the limbs and back. What type of abuse might be occurring?
- A. Psychological
- B. Financial
- C. Physical
- D. Sexual
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lewy body dementia results in cognitive impairment. The assessment of physical abuse would be supported by the nurses observation of bruises. Physical abuse includes evidence of improper care as well as physical endangerment behaviors, such as reckless behavior toward a vulnerable person that could lead to serious injury. No data substantiate the other options.