Midwifery Test Questions

Midwifery Test Questions Related

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Pneumatosis, or gas cysts, may form in the wall anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract in some cases, they will produce symptoms such as abdominal discomfort, diarrhea with mucus, and excess flatulence. Treatment of pneumatosis most often involves

  • A. Several days of oxygen by face mask
  • B. Hyperbaric oxygen
  • C. Surgical resection
  • D. Treatment of underlying disease
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperbaric oxygen. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized room, which can help reduce gas cysts in the gastrointestinal tract by increasing oxygen delivery to tissues. This promotes healing and reduces symptoms associated with pneumatosis.

A: Several days of oxygen by face mask is not as effective as hyperbaric oxygen therapy in treating pneumatosis, as it does not provide the same level of pressurized oxygen delivery to tissues.

C: Surgical resection may be considered in severe cases of pneumatosis where conservative treatments have failed, but it is not the first-line treatment option.

D: Treatment of underlying disease is important in managing pneumatosis, but it may not directly address the gas cysts themselves. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy specifically targets the gas cysts to alleviate symptoms.

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Haematinics, dietary advice, and close surveillance are management plans for

  • A. Moderate anaemia
  • B. Mild anaemia
  • C. Severe anaemia
  • D. Anaemia prevention
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moderate anaemia. Haematinics, dietary advice, and close surveillance are appropriate management plans for moderate anaemia to improve iron levels and overall health. For mild anaemia, dietary changes alone may be sufficient. Severe anaemia often requires more aggressive treatments like blood transfusions. Anaemia prevention focuses on strategies to avoid developing anaemia rather than managing an existing case.

How does maternal obesity affect pregnancy outcomes?

  • A. Increases risk of gestational diabetes
  • B. Causes miscarriage
  • C. Leads to anemia
  • D. Reduces chance of preterm labor
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increases risk of gestational diabetes. Maternal obesity can lead to insulin resistance, increasing the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes during pregnancy. This condition can have negative effects on both the mother and the baby.

B: Miscarriage is not directly linked to maternal obesity but can be influenced by other factors.
C: Maternal obesity is not a direct cause of anemia during pregnancy. Anemia is usually related to iron deficiency or other factors.
D: Maternal obesity is actually associated with an increased risk of preterm labor, not a reduced chance. This is due to various complications such as hypertension and preeclampsia.

Positive fasting blood sugar and oral glucose tolerance test, as well as being symptomatic, is diagnostic of

  • A. Potential diabetes mellitus
  • B. Gestational diabetes mellitus
  • C. Clinical diabetes mellitus
  • D. Chemical diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Gestational diabetes mellitus. This condition is diagnosed when a pregnant woman exhibits symptoms of diabetes and has elevated fasting blood sugar and abnormal oral glucose tolerance test results. This specific combination of symptoms and test results during pregnancy points towards gestational diabetes mellitus.

A: Potential diabetes mellitus - Incorrect. The symptoms combined with abnormal test results suggest an active condition, not potential.
C: Clinical diabetes mellitus - Incorrect. While the symptoms and test results indicate diabetes, the context of pregnancy suggests gestational diabetes.
D: Chemical diabetes mellitus - Incorrect. This term is not commonly used in medical practice and does not specifically address the condition in the given scenario.

Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material T. O. is a 44-year-old female patient who presents for evaluation of sudden, severe upper abdominal pain. She is clear about the onset, which was profound and occurred approximately one hour ago. She denies that the onset had any relationship to food or eating, and she denies nausea or vomiting. On examination, she is lying on her right side with her hips and knees flexed to draw her knees to her chest. Vital signs are stable, but examination reveals involuntary guarding. The abdomen is painful and tympanic to percussion in all quadrants. CBC reveals a white blood cell count of 15,600L. The AGACNP suspects

  • A. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
  • B. Acute pancreatitis
  • C. Perforated peptic ulcer
  • D. Mallory-Weiss tear
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pancreatitis. The patient's sudden, severe upper abdominal pain, unaffected by food intake, along with guarding and elevated white blood cell count, are indicative of acute pancreatitis. The patient's positioning (knees to chest) suggests relief from pain, which is characteristic of pancreatitis. A dissecting aortic aneurysm (choice A) typically presents with tearing chest or back pain. Perforated peptic ulcer (choice C) would present with a history of chronic ulcer symptoms. Mallory-Weiss tear (choice D) presents with a history of recent vomiting. Therefore, based on the patient's presentation and findings, acute pancreatitis is the most likely diagnosis.

Surgical induction of labor refers to the use of

  • A. Cytotec and mechanical cervical dilatation
  • B. Sweeping of membranes and amniotomy
  • C. Mechanical cervical dilatation and buscopan
  • D. Artificial rupture of membranes and syntocinon
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sweeping of membranes and amniotomy.

1. Sweeping of membranes involves manually separating the amniotic sac from the lower part of the uterus, stimulating the release of prostaglandins to induce labor.
2. Amniotomy is the artificial rupture of membranes, which can accelerate labor by releasing amniotic fluid and initiating contractions.
3. These methods are commonly used for surgical induction of labor due to their effectiveness and minimal invasiveness compared to other options.

Incorrect choices:
A: Cytotec is a medication used for labor induction, but mechanical cervical dilatation is not a standard surgical method.
C: Buscopan is used for relaxation of smooth muscle and not commonly used for labor induction.
D: Syntocinon is a synthetic form of oxytocin used to induce or augment labor, but it is not typically used in surgical induction methods.

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