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Pregnancy advise is given in what Part of the MIMS:
- A. Preg. Cat.
- B. pre and post prandial advice ;
- C. drug category;
- D. abbreviations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pregnancy advice is typically provided under the "Preg. Cat." section in the MIMS (Monthly Index of Medical Specialities) guide or database. This section specifically categorizes medications based on their safety profiles during pregnancy, providing healthcare professionals with essential information to make informed decisions regarding drug use in pregnant patients. It includes details on pregnancy categories that classify drugs according to their potential risks during pregnancy, guiding healthcare providers on the appropriateness of prescribing certain medications to pregnant individuals. Therefore, for pregnancy-related advice in the context of medication safety, referring to the "Preg. Cat." section in the MIMS is the most relevant source of information.
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The nurse is caring for a client receiving tamoxifen (Nolvadex) for breast cancer. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hot flashes
- B. Hair loss
- C. Nausea
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor modulator, treats breast cancer but blocks estrogen in some tissues, causing hot flashes , a common menopausal-like effect. Monitoring this ensures client comfort and adherence, as it's frequent and distressing. Hair loss is more chemotherapy-related, not tamoxifen. Nausea and diarrhea occur less often and are less specific. Hot flashes align with tamoxifen's anti-estrogenic action, a key consideration in breast cancer management where long-term use is common. This focus aids in symptom management, distinguishing it from cytotoxic effects, making A the priority side effect to monitor.
Which of the following has the shortest elimination half-life?
- A. Naloxone
- B. Morphine
- C. Methadone
- D. Remifentanil
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elimination half-life measures how quickly a drug is cleared from plasma. Naloxone's half-life is about 1-2 hours, used for opioid reversal. Morphine's is 2-4 hours, reflecting its duration as an analgesic. Methadone's is long, 15-60 hours, suiting addiction maintenance. Fentanyl's is 2-4 hours, typical for anesthesia. Remifentanil, an ultra-short-acting opioid, has a half-life of 3-10 minutes due to rapid esterase metabolism, making it ideal for procedures needing quick offset. Its brevity contrasts with others, ensuring minimal residual effects, a key advantage in critical care settings where rapid recovery is essential.
A client has a new prescription for Etravirine, an NNRTI. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in teaching the client?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- C. Take this medication at the same time every day.
- D. Take this medication at bedtime to prevent drowsiness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include in teaching the client is to take Etravirine at the same time every day. This ensures consistent blood levels and effectiveness of the medication. Consistent timing is essential to achieve optimal therapeutic effects and avoid missing doses. Choices A and B are incorrect because Etravirine should not necessarily be taken with or without food; it is more important to take it consistently. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to take Etravirine at bedtime to prevent drowsiness.
When educating a patient about Regular Insulin, you should include which instruction: ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+ ATI PHARMACOLOGY LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 PROCTORED EXAM -STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS & ANS 100% CORRECTLY VERIFIED GRADED A+
- A. Shake the vial vigorously
- B. Expect the solution to appear cloudy
- C. Store unopened vials at room
- D. Inject the insulin subcutaneously
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important to educate a patient that Regular Insulin should be injected subcutaneously to ensure proper absorption of the medication. Injecting the insulin into the subcutaneous tissue allows for a slower and more consistent absorption of the medication, which helps in controlling blood glucose levels effectively. Administering insulin subcutaneously also minimizes the risk of complications associated with other injection sites or techniques.
What is the therapeutic use of Albuterol?
- A. Bronchodilation
- B. Anti-coagulant
- C. Anti-arrhythmic
- D. Proton-pump inhibitor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bronchodilation. Albuterol is primarily used for bronchodilation, where it relaxes the muscles in the airways to make breathing easier. This medication is commonly prescribed for conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory conditions where bronchodilation is beneficial. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because Albuterol is not used as an anti-coagulant, anti-arrhythmic, or proton-pump inhibitor.