Midwifery Test Questions

Midwifery Test Questions Related

Review Midwifery Test Questions related questions and content

R. R. is a 71-year-old female who presents with left lower quadrant pain that started out as cramping but has become more constant over the last day. She reports constipation over the last few days but admits that for as long as she can remember she has had variable bowel habits. Her vital signs are normal, but physical examination reveals some tenderness in the left lower quadrant. Which diagnostic test is most likely to support the leading differential diagnosis?

  • A. CT scan with IV, oral, and rectal contrast
  • B. CBC with WBC differential
  • C. Colonoscopy
  • D. Barium enema
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: CBC with WBC differential. This test can help rule out infectious causes of left lower quadrant pain, such as diverticulitis or colitis, by assessing for elevated white blood cell count and left shift. A CT scan (A) with contrast may be indicated if the patient's condition worsens or if initial tests are inconclusive. Colonoscopy (C) is more appropriate for evaluating chronic or intermittent abdominal pain, not acute symptoms. Barium enema (D) is an outdated test and not commonly used for diagnosing acute abdominal pain.

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How can maternal smoking during pregnancy affect fetal development?

  • A. Causes low birth weight
  • B. Increases the risk of preterm birth
  • C. Affects lung development
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Maternal smoking during pregnancy can affect fetal development in multiple ways. Smoking can cause low birth weight by restricting oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, leading to growth issues. It can also increase the risk of preterm birth due to the harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke. Furthermore, smoking can affect lung development in the fetus, leading to respiratory issues. Therefore, the correct answer is D - All of the above, as maternal smoking can have a comprehensive impact on fetal development, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and lung development issues.

Which of the following is not a true statement with respect to decision making for a cognitively impaired patient?

  • A. Only a court can declare a patient incompetent
  • B. Impaired cognition does not make a person incompetent
  • C. Living wills typically are honored if a person is terminally ill
  • D. A patient can give informed consent if not declared incompetent
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because living wills typically are not always honored for cognitively impaired patients. Step-by-step rationale: A) Incorrect - A court can declare a patient incompetent if they are unable to make decisions. B) Incorrect - Impaired cognition can indeed make a person incompetent. D) Incorrect - A patient must have the capacity to understand information and make decisions to give informed consent.

The term used to describe a situation whereby the fetal lie keeps varying after 36 gestational weeks is

  • A. Unstable lie
  • B. Compound lie
  • C. Multiple lie
  • D. Transverse lie
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Unstable lie. After 36 weeks of gestation, the fetal lie should typically be consistent. An unstable lie refers to a situation where the fetal lie keeps changing position, indicating a potential complication. This can lead to difficulties during labor and delivery.

Summary:
B: Compound lie - Refers to a situation where the fetus is in an abnormal position, such as breech or transverse, alongside another part of the body presenting first.
C: Multiple lie - Not a recognized medical term.
D: Transverse lie - Refers to a situation where the fetus is positioned horizontally across the uterus, which can complicate delivery.

Post maturity is a term that is used to describe a pregnancy that is equal to or more than

  • A. 40 completed weeks
  • B. 38 completed weeks
  • C. 41 completed weeks
  • D. 42 completed weeks
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (42 completed weeks) because a full-term pregnancy is considered to be around 40 weeks. Post maturity refers to a pregnancy that has exceeded the normal 40-week gestation period. At 42 weeks, the risk of complications such as stillbirth or issues with the placenta increases. Choice A (40 completed weeks) is incorrect because this is considered a full-term pregnancy. Choices B (38 completed weeks) and C (41 completed weeks) are incorrect as they do not meet the criteria for post maturity.

Cholesteatoma is a condition characterized by a collection of desquamated keratin leading to bony erosion in the ossicular chain and inner ear. The goal of surgery in cholesteatoma is

  • A. Production of a dry ear
  • B. Preservation of sensorineural hearing
  • C. Debridement of infection
  • D. Restoration of the tympanic membrane
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Preservation of sensorineural hearing. In cholesteatoma, surgery aims to remove the lesion and prevent further damage to the ossicles and inner ear structures. Preserving sensorineural hearing is crucial to maintain auditory function post-surgery. A: Production of a dry ear is important to prevent recurrence, but not the primary goal. C: Debridement of infection is necessary, but the main aim is to address the cholesteatoma itself. D: Restoration of the tympanic membrane may be needed but is not the primary objective in cholesteatoma surgery.

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