Nokea
Regarding ECG in infancy
- A. T Wave inversion present
- B. PR interval is < 0.16 s
- C. P wave is < 3mm tall
- D. QRS represent ventricular depolarization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In infants, the PR interval is shorter than in adults (< 0.16 seconds).
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A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client’s chemotherapy regimen is to:
- A. Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid
- B. Prevent uric acid from precipitating in the ureters
- C. Enhance the production of uric acid to ensure adequate excretion of urine
- D. Ensure that the chemotherapy doesn’t adversely affect the bone marrow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allopurinol prevents the breakdown of xanthine to uric acid, reducing the risk of uric acid nephropathy during chemotherapy-induced tumor lysis.
A client admitted to a surgical unit is being evaluated for an intestinal obstruction. The healthcare provider prescribes a nasogastric tube (NGT) to be inserted and placed to intermittent low wall suction. Which intervention should the nurse implement to facilitate proper tube placement?
- A. Soak nasogastric tube in warm water
- B. Insert tube with client's head tilted back
- C. Apply suction while inserting tube
- D. Elevate head of bed 60 to 90 degrees
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed helps facilitate proper placement of the NGT and reduces the risk of aspiration.
The Norwood procedure is used to correct:
- A. Transposition of the great vessels
- B. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- C. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- D. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Norwood procedure is specifically performed for hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
True statements about the use of the new Child Health Foundation growth charts include:
- A. Immediate referral is advised if the height of a child is on the second centile
- B. The midparental height of a child, whose parents are 176 and 160 cm tall, is 175 cm
- C. They can be used for all children including those with Down's syndrome
- D. The target centile range for a girl is midparental height ± 10 cm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The growth charts are designed to be inclusive and can be used for children with Down's syndrome, among others.
Common causes of seizures in a neonate are:
- A. Hypocalcaemia
- B. Hypoglycaemia
- C. Pyridoxine deficiency
- D. Hydrocephalus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hypoglycaemia is a common cause of neonatal seizures. The other options (a, c, d, e) are also causes but less common.