Nokea
Regarding immunoglobins:
- A. IgG2 concentrations increase with age
- B. IgD is useful in mediating the late features of allergic reactions
- C. IgG2 subclass deficiency is associated with IgA deficiency
- D. IgM is complement-fixing antibody
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IgM is complement-fixing antibody
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When planning care for a 8-year-old boy with Down syndrome, the nurse should:
- A. Plan interventions according to the developmental level of a 7-year-old child because that’s the child’s age
- B. Plan interventions according to the developmental levels of a 5-year-old because the child will have developmental delays
- C. Assess the child’s current developmental level and plan care accordingly
- D. Direct all teaching to the parents because the child can’t understand
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Care should be individualized based on the child’s current developmental level, not just their chronological age or assumptions about delays.
What percentage (%) of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease has the echocardiographic diagnosis of tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion?
- A. 10
- B. 20
- C. 30
- D. 40
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approximately 10% of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease have tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion.
In a patient with painful joint swelling the following investigations are diagnostic:
- A. C-reactive protein
- B. Antinuclear antibodies
- C. Serum C3 (complement) levels
- D. Microscopic examination of synovial fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Microscopic examination of synovial fluid can reveal crystals, infection, or inflammation, providing a definitive diagnosis.
Renal damage is a recognised complication of infection with:
- A. Plasmodium Jalciparum
- B. Schistosoma haematobium
- C. Plasmodium malariae
- D. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagica
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Leptospira icterohaemorrhagica can cause renal damage. Plasmodium species and Schistosoma are less commonly associated with renal complications.
Patients with a small PDA have the following criteria EXCEPT
- A. asymptomatic risk for endocarditis
- B. normal peripheral pulses
- C. normal pulmonary artery pressure
- D. normal life expectancy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Small PDAs typically have a low risk for endocarditis.