Nokea
Regarding insulin administration in diabetics:
- A. Short-acting insulin reaches peak action in 4-6 hours after injection
- B. In a twice daily regimen involving Mixtard 30 or Humulin M3, the bedtime reading is an effect of the long-acting component
- C. A bedtime blood sugar level of 10 mmol/l is unacceptable
- D. Using the same site for injections is a common cause of increasing insulin dosage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bedtime reading in a twice-daily regimen involving Mixtard 30 or Humulin M3 is influenced by the long-acting component, which has a prolonged effect.
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A grade II vibratory, mid-systolic murmur at the mid sternal border in a 4-year-old child that is louder when the child is supine is most likely which type of murmur?
- A. Pathologic murmur
- B. Pulmonary flow murmur
- C. Still's murmur
- D. Venous hum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A Still's murmur is characterized by a vibratory or musical low-grade sound, along the sternal border, which is louder when the child is supine or during inspiration.
Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is defined as a peak gradient of
- A. >40 mm Hg
- B. >45 mm Hg
- C. >50 mm Hg
- D. >55 mm Hg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe pulmonary valve stenosis is generally defined as a peak gradient >50 mm Hg.
The mother of Gian, a preschooler with spina bifida tells the nurse that her daughter sneezes and gets a rash when playing with brightly colored balloons, and that she recently had an allergic reaction after eating kiwifruit and bananas. The nurse would suspect that the child may have an allergy to:
- A. Bananas
- B. Latex
- C. Kiwifruit
- D. Color dyes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Latex allergy is common in children with spina bifida and can cause cross-reactivity with certain fruits like bananas and kiwifruit.
Two days after a nephrectomy, the client reports abdominal pressure and nausea, which assessment should the nurse implement?
- A. Palpate the abdomen
- B. Measure hourly urine output
- C. Ambulate client in hallway
- D. Auscultate bowel sounds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Auscultating bowel sounds helps assess for any bowel obstruction or ileus, which could be contributing to abdominal pressure.
What are FIVE immediate management steps for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot presenting with saturations of 60%?
- A. Knees to chest
- B. Calm baby
- C. Oxygen
- D. Beta-blocker
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The knees-to-chest position helps increase systemic vascular resistance, improving oxygen saturation in a tetralogy of Fallot crisis.