Nokea
The parents of a 3-month-old ask why their baby will not have an operation to correct a ventricular septal defect (VSD). The nurse's best response is:
- A. It is always helpful to get a second opinion about any serious condition like this.
- B. Your baby's defect is small and will likely close on its own by 1 year of age.
- C. It is common for physicians to wait until an infant develops respiratory distress before they do the surgery.
- D. With a small defect like this, they wait until the child is 10 years old to do the surgery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most small VSDs close spontaneously within the first year of life.
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All of the following are minor criteria in the latest Revised Jones criteria for rheumatic fever in moderate-high risk population except
- A. Monoarthalgia
- B. Fever with body temperature ≥ 38.5°C
- C. ESR 230 mm/hour
- D. Prolonged PR interval
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ESR 230 mm/hour is not a minor criterion in the Revised Jones criteria for rheumatic fever.
Among the following Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has the highest resistance to
- A. Cephalexin
- B. Clindamycin
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Doxycycline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has shown the highest resistance to erythromycin.
What are FOUR possible causes of left axis deviation in a newborn with features of Trisomy 21?
- A. AVSD
- B. Tricuspid atresia
- C. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
- D. Mechanical shift
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: AVSD is a common congenital heart defect associated with Trisomy 21 and can lead to left axis deviation seen on ECG.
A healthcare worker with no known exposure to tuberculosis has received a Mantoux tuberculosis skin test. The nurse's assessment of the test after 62 hours indicates 5 mm of erythema without induration. What is the best initial nursing action?
- A. Document negative results in the client's medical record
- B. Repeat the test immediately on the opposite forearm
- C. Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation
- D. Schedule the worker for a chest X-ray
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythema without induration is not considered a positive result. Documentation of negative findings is appropriate.
Which is/are true?
- A. Babies are able to respond to sounds in utero
- B. Full term babies at birth are unable to follow a large object with their eyes
- C. A 6-week-old infant would be able to follow a large object through an arc of 135°
- D. Growth velocity of head decreases with age
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Babies can respond to sounds in utero, and head growth velocity does decrease with age. Full-term babies can follow large objects, and a 6-week-old can follow objects through a smaller arc.