Nokea
Regarding iron deficiency anemia, which of the following is true?
- A. Ferritin levels are elevated
- B. Red blood cell count is usually normal
- C. Hemoglobin is usually decreased
- D. Serum iron levels are elevated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin levels are usually decreased due to insufficient iron for red blood cell production.
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Which is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?
- A. Pulmonary congestion
- B. Congenital heart defect
- C. Heart failure
- D. Systemic venous congestion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The definition of heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures to meet the body’s metabolic demands. Pulmonary congestion is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Congenital heart defect is a malformation of the heart present at birth. Systemic venous congestion is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the systemic vasculature.
After a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client has bloody urine output with large clots. The nurse implements the postoperative prescription to irrigate the indwelling catheter PRN to maintain the catheter's patency. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Clamp the catheter for 30 minutes prior to irrigating with saline
- B. Manually irrigate the catheter with sterile saline as prescribed
- C. Increase the client's oral fluid intake to flush out clots naturally
- D. Remove the catheter and notify the healthcare provider immediately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clamping the catheter before irrigation prevents sudden fluid shifts and ensures that irrigation is performed effectively.
Which is the incorrect statement regarding effect of dobutamine infusion in patients with heart failure
- A. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure decreases
- B. Mean arterial pressure decreases slightly due to interplay of actions on alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors
- C. Left ventricular end systolic volume decreases
- D. There is increased myocardial oxygen demand
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mean arterial pressure typically increases, not decreases, with dobutamine infusion due to its inotropic effects.
How much bilirubin can be bound to 1 gm of albumin?
- A. 8.5 mg
- B. 9.8 mg
- C. 10.5 mg
- D. 13.6 mg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1 gram of albumin can bind approximately 8.5 mg of bilirubin, which is important in managing neonatal jaundice.
What is the Duke Treadmill score for a patient who exercised for 10 minutes (12 METS) and had a maximum of 1 mm ST depression at peak exercise without angina?
- A. 5
- B. 7
- C. 9
- D. 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Duke Treadmill score is calculated based on exercise duration