Nokea
Regarding physical growth of preschool children (3-5 years), all are true EXCEPT
- A. 7-8 kg weight increment/yr
- B. 20 primary teeth erupted by 3 years
- C. brain stops myelinization by 8 years
- D. height increment/yr average is 5-6 cm up to 18 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight increment varies and is generally less than 7-8 kg/yr.
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Nurse Hannah is administering a steroid to a child diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP); which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Infection
- B. Anemia
- C. Bleeding
- D. Bruising
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Steroids are often prescribed to help increase platelet production in patients with ITP. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the child for signs of bleeding, such as petechiae, ecchymosis, gum bleeding, and other unusual bleeding manifestations. Monitoring for bleeding is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the steroid treatment and to prevent complications associated with ITP.
Which of the ff is a nursing intervention when assessing clients with hypertension?
- A. The nurse takes the temperature when the client is in a standing, sitting, and then supine position
- B. The nurses teaches the client about non pharmacologic and pharmacologic methods for restoring BP
- C. The nurse takes BP in both arms when the client is in a standing, sitting, and then supine position
- D. The nurse weighs the client each morning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing intervention of teaching the client about non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic methods for restoring blood pressure is crucial in managing hypertension. Education empowers the client to actively participate in their care and make informed decisions regarding lifestyle changes, medication adherence, and other interventions to control their blood pressure levels. By providing education on interventions such as dietary modifications, exercise, stress management, and medication use, the nurse helps the client develop a comprehensive plan to manage hypertension effectively and improve their overall health outcomes.
A 12-year-old male adolescent, recently diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, shows left cervical and supraclavicular lymph node involvement and drenching night sweats. Based on Ann Arbor Classification, the patient is classified as
- A. stage IA
- B. stage IB
- C. stage IIA
- D. stage IIB
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Involvement of two lymph node regions above the diaphragm with systemic symptoms corresponds to stage IIB.
One of the dangers of treating hypernatremia is:
- A. Red blood cell crenation
- B. Cerebral edema
- C. Red blood cell hydrolysis
- D. Renal shutdown
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood. When hypernatremia is treated too rapidly or aggressively, a rapid decrease in serum sodium levels may occur. This rapid change in serum sodium concentration can cause water to move into brain cells, leading to cerebral edema. Cerebral edema is a dangerous complication associated with the potential to cause increased intracranial pressure, neurological deficits, and even death. It is crucial to correct hypernatremia slowly and carefully to prevent such complications.
Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with
- A. shorter neonatal length
- B. lower birthweight
- C. changes in neonatal behavior
- D. neonatal diabetes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neonatal diabetes is not commonly associated with prenatal cigarette smoke exposure.