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A nurse is discussing male infertility with a client. Which of the following is a common cause of reduced male fertility?
- A. High testosterone levels
- B. Frequent use of lubricants during intercourse
- C. Smoking and alcohol consumption
- D. Daily exercise routines
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Smoking and alcohol consumption. Smoking and alcohol can negatively impact male fertility by affecting sperm quality and quantity. Smoking can lead to DNA damage in sperm, while alcohol can disrupt hormone levels. High testosterone levels (A) actually do not commonly cause reduced fertility. Frequent use of lubricants (B) may hinder sperm movement, but it's not a common cause. Daily exercise (D) can improve overall health and fertility.
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The nurse discusses the results of a 3-generation pedigree with the proband who has breast cancer. Which of the following information must the nurse consider?
- A. The proband should have a complete genetic analysis done.
- B. The proband is the first member of the family to be diagnosed.
- C. The proband's first degree relatives should be included in the discussion.
- D. The proband's sisters will likely develop breast cancer during their lives.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: First-degree relatives are at increased risk and should be involved in discussions.
What is the role of ovarian reserve testing in infertility evaluation?
- A. To determine the number and quality of remaining eggs.
- B. To assess uterine abnormalities.
- C. To monitor hormone levels during pregnancy.
- D. To predict the success of natural conception within a month.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because ovarian reserve testing evaluates the quantity and quality of a woman's remaining eggs, helping to determine her fertility potential. This includes tests like AMH levels, antral follicle count, and FSH levels. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains to assessing uterine abnormalities, not ovarian reserve. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to monitoring hormone levels during pregnancy, not fertility evaluation. Choice D is incorrect as ovarian reserve testing does not predict success of natural conception within a specific timeframe.
During preconception counseling, a nurse discusses the impact of male age on fertility. What statement requires correction?
- A. Pregnancy rates are not related to the age of the male partner.
- B. Sexually active males should be routinely tested for STIs and treated appropriately.
- C. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for the reproductive health of both female and male partners.
- D. Certain medications, such as testosterone supplementation and chemotherapy, can impact male fertility.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because male age does impact fertility. Advanced paternal age is associated with decreased fertility and increased risk of genetic abnormalities in offspring. Choice B is correct as STIs can affect fertility. Choice C is relevant as obesity can impact male fertility. Choice D is correct as certain medications can impact male fertility. Overall, choice A is incorrect as male age does play a role in fertility outcomes.
A client who is undergoing ovarian stimulation for infertility calls the infertility nurse and states, “My abdomen feels very bloated, my clothes are very tight, and my urine is very dark.†Which of the following is the appropriate statement for the nurse to make at this time?
- A. Please take a urine sample to the lab so they can check it for an infection.
- B. Those changes indicate that you are likely already pregnant.
- C. It is important for you to come into the office to be examined today.
- D. Abdominal bloating is an expected response to the medications.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms described could indicate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, requiring immediate evaluation.
The nurse is creating a pedigree from a client's family history. Which of the following symbols should the nurse use to represent a female?
- A. Circle.
- B. Square.
- C. Triangle.
- D. Diamond.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pedigrees, a circle represents a female.