Nokea
Reproduction is the change in body characteristics over time.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce offspring of the same kind. It is not related to changes in body characteristics over time. Therefore, the statement is false. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they do not align with the definition of reproduction.
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Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires
- A. positive feedback mechanisms.
- B. an unstable outside environment.
- C. decreased atmospheric pressure.
- D. negative feedback mechanisms.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'negative feedback mechanisms.' In biological systems, negative feedback mechanisms help maintain homeostasis by counteracting any deviations from the set point. They work to stabilize internal conditions and keep them within a narrow range. On the other hand, positive feedback mechanisms amplify changes and are not involved in maintaining stability. Choice B, 'an unstable outside environment,' is incorrect as internal stability is independent of external conditions like weather. Choice C, 'decreased atmospheric pressure,' is also incorrect as it does not directly relate to internal homeostasis.
When does cell death first occur?
- A. At age 60.
- B. At age 50.
- C. At puberty.
- D. In the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cell death, also known as apoptosis, first occurs during fetal development when specific cells are programmed to die. This process is essential for shaping and organizing tissues and organs. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because cell death begins much earlier, during fetal development, rather than later in life or at puberty. Understanding the timing of cell death in different stages of life is crucial in developmental biology.
Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?
- A. The heart
- B. The trachea
- C. The thymus
- D. The liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is the liver. The liver is located in the abdominopelvic cavity, which is the space between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor. The heart, trachea, and thymus are not located in the abdominopelvic cavity. The heart is situated in the thoracic cavity, the trachea is in the neck region, and the thymus is located in the upper chest. Understanding the anatomical locations of organs is crucial for medical professionals to accurately diagnose and treat patients.
Positive feedback mechanisms usually result in
- A. changes returning values away from a set point.
- B. stable conditions around a set point.
- C. unstable conditions.
- D. long-term changes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positive feedback mechanisms usually result in unstable conditions. In a positive feedback loop, the output enhances or amplifies the changes that are occurring, leading to a deviation from the initial set point. Therefore, positive feedback does not bring values back towards the set point (Choice A). Choice B is incorrect because positive feedback does not promote stability around a set point. Choice D is also incorrect as positive feedback mechanisms typically do not lead to long-term changes; instead, they intensify the initial change, causing instability.
What causes wrinkled and sagging skin?
- A. Drinking too much water
- B. Heredity alone
- C. Loss of subcutaneous fat and reduced levels of elastin and collagen
- D. Excess subcutaneous fat
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wrinkled and sagging skin is primarily caused by the loss of subcutaneous fat and reduced levels of elastin and collagen in the skin. Choice A is incorrect as drinking too much water does not lead to wrinkled and sagging skin. Choice B is incorrect because heredity alone does not cause this condition. Excess subcutaneous fat, as mentioned in Choice D, can contribute to a different skin appearance, such as puffiness, but not wrinkled and sagging skin.