Nokea
Research participants are involved in a trial that incidentally separates them into two groups. One group receives an intervention, while the other group does not. Both groups are compared for outcomes. What type of research method is this?
- A. Experimental design
- B. Double-blind experiment
- C. Randomized controlled trial
- D. Repeated measures design
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Randomized controlled trial (RCT). In an RCT, participants are randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group, ensuring that both groups are similar at the start of the trial. This minimizes bias and allows for comparing the outcomes of the intervention group with the control group. This design helps establish a cause-effect relationship between the intervention and the outcomes.
Choice A (Experimental design) is not specific enough as there are various types of experimental designs. Choice B (Double-blind experiment) refers to a study where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the intervention, which is not the case here. Choice D (Repeated measures design) involves measuring the same participants at different time points, not separating them into different groups.
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According to HIPAA, which of the following is considered an individual right for privacy of a client's protected health information?
- A. The right to receive a copy of the organization's privacy practices
- B. The right to receive medical bills for care received
- C. The right to change personal health information
- D. An understanding that protected health information will only be used in regards to client treatments
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The right to receive a copy of the organization's privacy practices. This is because under HIPAA, individuals have the right to be informed about how their protected health information is being used and disclosed. Providing clients with a copy of the organization's privacy practices ensures transparency and empowers them to understand their rights regarding their health information.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: The right to receive medical bills for care received - This is not a specific right related to privacy of protected health information under HIPAA.
C: The right to change personal health information - Individuals have the right to request amendments to their health information, but this is not directly related to privacy rights.
D: An understanding that protected health information will only be used in regards to client treatments - While this is an important principle under HIPAA, it does not specifically address individual rights related to privacy practices.
The nurse is assessing an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Which finding would the nurse anticipate?
- A. Unequal leg length
- B. Limited adduction
- C. Diminished femoral pulses
- D. Symmetrical gluteal folds
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Unequal leg length. In developmental dysplasia of the hip, there is abnormal development of the hip joint. This can lead to unequal leg lengths due to hip instability and dislocation. Limited adduction may be present due to hip joint abnormalities. Diminished femoral pulses are not typically associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Symmetrical gluteal folds are usually present in healthy infants.
What is involved in obtaining informed consent?
- A. An explanation of the reasons for the procedure
- B. A signature on a form indicating the client agrees to the procedure
- C. A statement affirming liability if complications arise during the procedure
- D. Both A and C
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because obtaining informed consent involves providing the client with an explanation of the reasons for the procedure. This ensures that the client understands the purpose, risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure before giving consent. Choice B is incorrect because a signature on a form alone does not guarantee informed consent. Choice C is incorrect as affirming liability is not a necessary component of obtaining informed consent. Choice D is incorrect as it combines an essential element (A) with an incorrect element (C).
The discharge planning team is discussing plans for the dismissal of a 16-year-old admitted for complications associated with asthma. The client's mother has not participated in any of the discharge planning processes but has stated that she wants to be involved. Which of the following reasons might prohibit this mother from participating in discharge planning?
- A. The client is an emancipated minor
- B. The mother has to work and is unavailable
- C. The client has a job and a driver's license
- D. The mother does not speak English
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client is an emancipated minor. Emancipated minors are legally considered adults and have the right to make their own medical decisions without parental involvement. In this case, since the 16-year-old is emancipated, the mother's participation in discharge planning may be prohibited.
Choice B is incorrect because the mother's work schedule does not necessarily prohibit her from participating in discharge planning. Choice C is irrelevant as the client having a job and a driver's license does not impact the mother's ability to participate. Choice D, the mother not speaking English, may present a communication barrier but does not inherently prohibit her from participating.
Mr. W has orders for a physical therapy consult. The nurse contacts the appropriate department but 12 hours later, no one has come to see the client. Which is the most appropriate action of the nurse?
- A. Call the supervisor and file a complaint against the physical therapy department
- B. Contact the physician to notify him that the orders were not carried out
- C. Assess the client's activity level by assisting with ambulation using a gait belt
- D. Contact the physical therapy department again and repeat the order
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate action for the nurse in this scenario is to contact the physical therapy department again and repeat the order (Choice D). This is the correct answer because it directly addresses the issue of the consult not being completed within a reasonable timeframe. By contacting the department again, the nurse ensures that the order is not overlooked or forgotten. This action shows proactive communication and follow-up to expedite the process and ensure the client receives the necessary care in a timely manner.
The other choices are incorrect:
A: Calling the supervisor and filing a complaint is premature without first attempting to resolve the issue directly with the department.
B: Contacting the physician is not the nurse's role in this situation. The focus should be on coordinating with the appropriate department.
C: Assessing the client's activity level is important but does not address the primary issue of the physical therapy consult not being completed.
Overall, choice D is the most appropriate course of action in this scenario.