Immune System Quizlet

Immune System Quizlet Related

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Rolling circle replication refers to:

  • A. DNA replication in every prokaryotic cell division
  • B. DNA transfer during conjugation
  • C. mitosis
  • D. meiosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rolling circle replication is a mechanism commonly observed in DNA transfer during bacterial conjugation. The process involves the transfer of a single strand of DNA that acts as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand in the recipient cell. This results in the formation of a circular DNA molecule in the recipient cell. This mechanism is distinct from the semiconservative replication seen in prokaryotic cell division (Choice A), the cell division process of mitosis (Choice C), and the reduction division of meiosis (Choice D). Rolling circle replication is specific to the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells during conjugation, making Choice B the correct answer.

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What stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex?

  • A. Excessive water intake
  • B. Increased serum osmolality
  • C. Decreased serum potassium
  • D. Decreased sodium and water
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by decreased sodium and water levels (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation) and low blood pressure.

Which of the following leukocytes is involved in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity?

  • A. Natural Killer (NK) cells
  • B. Neutrophils
  • C. Macrophages
  • D. Mast cells
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Natural Killer (NK) cells. NK cells are involved in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity by recognizing target cells coated with antibodies and inducing their death. NK cells play a crucial role in immune surveillance and defense against infected or malignant cells. Neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells are not directly involved in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Neutrophils are primarily responsible for phagocytosis, macrophages are antigen-presenting cells, and mast cells are involved in allergic reactions.

Which immunoglobulin is responsible for the primary immune response and forms antibodies to ABO blood antigens?

  • A. IgA
  • B. IgD
  • C. IgG
  • D. IgM
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: IgM is the first antibody produced in the primary immune response and plays a key role in responding to blood group antigens.

is a gaseous by-product of natural gas combustion plant hormone

  • A. auxin
  • B. Gibberellins
  • C. Ethylene
  • D. All above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ethylene. Ethylene is indeed a gaseous plant hormone produced during the combustion of natural gas. It plays a crucial role in various plant processes such as fruit ripening, senescence, and stress responses.

A: Auxin is not a gaseous hormone and is primarily involved in promoting cell elongation and root growth.
B: Gibberellins are not gaseous hormones and mainly regulate plant growth processes like stem elongation and seed germination.
D: The statement "All above" is incorrect as auxin and gibberellins are not gaseous hormones, only ethylene fits the description.

Therefore, choice C, Ethylene, is the correct answer as it is the gaseous by-product of natural gas combustion and a plant hormone.

The primary mode of treatment for ankylosing spondylitis is:

  • A. Relaxed posture for comfort.
  • B. Strict bed rest.
  • C. Physical therapy.
  • D. Respiratory therapy.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Physical therapy is the primary mode of treatment for ankylosing spondylitis as it helps maintain joint mobility and flexibility. While respiratory therapy may be beneficial in some cases, physical therapy addresses the core issues related to stiffness and pain.

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